Shloka 13

Devanagari script

निद्रान्धास्ते महाराज परिश्रान्ताश्न संयुगे

Transliteration

nidrāndhās te mahārāja pariśrāntāś ca saṃyuge

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Wahai raja agung, mereka seolah-olah dibutakan oleh lena, amat letih di tengah gelanggang pertempuran—ditundukkan oleh keletihan dalam himpitan perang itu sendiri.

Word by Word

• निद्रान्धाः: sleep-blinded, drowsy
• निद्रान्धाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निद्रान्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• परिश्रान्ताः: utterly exhausted
• परिश्रान्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-श्रान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अश्न: ate, consumed
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even the mightiest warriors are bound by human limits: exhaustion and loss of alertness can cloud judgment in war, reminding us that ethical discernment (dharma-buddhi) is fragile when the body and mind are overstrained.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the fighters were so worn out in the ongoing conflict that they appeared 'sleep-blinded'—a vivid description of battlefield fatigue affecting their awareness and effectiveness.