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Shloka 47

Saṃśaptakas in Candrārdha-vyūha; Arjuna’s Devadatta and the Traigarta Rout

Chapter 17

विहायैनं ततः पार्थस्त्रिगर्तान्‌ प्रत्ययाद्‌ बली । क्षुधित: क्षुद्विघातार्थ सिंहो मृगगणानिव,तदनन्तर बलवान कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुन राजा युधिष्ठिरको वहीं छोड़कर त्रिगर्तोंकी ओर बढ़े, मानो भूखा सिंह अपनी भूख मिटानेके लिये मृगोंके झुंडकी ओर जा रहा हो

vihāyainaṃ tataḥ pārthas trigartān pratyayād balī | kṣudhitaḥ kṣud-vighātārthaṃ siṃho mṛga-gaṇān iva ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Kemudian putera Pṛthā yang perkasa (Arjuna), meninggalkan baginda di situ, mara menentang kaum Trigarta—bagaikan singa lapar menuju kawanan rusa untuk memadamkan lapar.”

विहायhaving left/abandoning
विहाय:
TypeVerb
Rootविहा (धातु √हा उपसर्ग-वि)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
एनम्him/this one
एनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रभव अव्यय)
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
त्रिगर्तान्the Trigartas
त्रिगर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
प्रत्ययात्from confidence/assurance (i.e., confidently)
प्रत्ययात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
बलीstrong, mighty
बली:
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षुधितःhungry
क्षुधितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधित (√क्षुध् + क्त)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षुद्विघातार्थम्for the purpose of removing hunger
क्षुद्विघातार्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्विघातार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सिंहःa lion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
मृगगणान्herds/groups of deer (animals)
मृगगणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृगगण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
T
Trigartas
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (implied by context: 'leaving him there')
L
lion (simile)
H
herd of deer (simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined prioritization in dharma-yuddha: a warrior may momentarily leave one responsibility to confront an urgent threat that endangers the larger mission. Arjuna’s lion-like focus symbolizes decisive action guided by duty rather than hesitation.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna, after leaving Yudhiṣṭhira where he is, turns to face the Trigartas and advances upon them with great force, compared to a hungry lion charging a herd of deer.