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Shloka 33

द्रोणनिन्दाश्रवणं तथा सात्यकि–पार्षतविवादः

Hearing the reproach of Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Pārṣata dispute

ततो मद्राधिप: क्रुद्ध/ शरेणानतपर्वणा । आजपघानोरसि दृढं विराट वाहिनीपतिम्‌

tato madrādhipaḥ kruddhaḥ śareṇānataparvaṇā | ājau jaghānorasi dṛḍhaṃ virāṭa-vāhinīpatim ||

Sañjaya berkata: Lalu penguasa Madra, dalam kemarahan, memanah dengan sebatang anak panah yang sendinya tidak patah, menghentam dada panglima angkatan Virāṭa dengan keras di tengah pertempuran.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
मद्राधिपःthe king/lord of Madra
मद्राधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्राधिप (मद्र + अधिप)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त: क्रुद्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरेणwith an arrow
शरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनतपर्वणाhaving unbent joints/knots (i.e., straight-jointed)
अनतपर्वणा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनतपर्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आजघानstruck, smote
आजघान:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (लिट्; आजघान)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
उरसिon the chest
उरसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दृढम्firmly, strongly
दृढम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular (adverbial use)
विराटवाहिनीपतिम्the commander of Virata's army
विराटवाहिनीपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविराटवाहिनीपति (विराट + वाहिनी + पति)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madrādhipa (Śalya)
V
Virāṭa
V
Virāṭa-vāhinīpati (commander of Virāṭa’s forces)
Ś
śara (arrow)
Ā
āja (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) intensifies the destructiveness of war: when leaders act from rage, violence becomes swift and targeted, and the lives of many depend on the fall of key commanders—inviting reflection on self-control and the ethical cost of battle.

Sañjaya reports that Śalya, the king of Madra, in anger shoots a powerful arrow and strikes the commander of Virāṭa’s army squarely on the chest during the fighting.