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Shloka 8

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

संजय उवाच राजन्‌ सेनासमुद्योगो रथनागाश्वपत्तिमान्‌ तुमुलस्तव सैन्यानां युगान्तसदृशो5भवत्‌,संजयने कहा--राजन! रथ, हाथी, घोड़े और पैदलोंसे भरा हुआ आपका सेनासम्बन्धी उद्योग महान्‌ था। आपके सैनिकोंका समाहार प्रलयकालके समान भयंकर जान पड़ता था

sañjaya uvāca rājān senāsamudyogo rathanāgāśvapattimān tumulas tava sainyānāṃ yugāntasadṛśo 'bhavat

Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai Raja, pengerahan tenteramu—penuh dengan kereta perang, gajah, kuda dan infantri—sangat gemuruh. Himpunan pasukanmu tampak menggerunkan, bagaikan bencana pada penghujung suatu zaman.”

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सेना-समुद्योगःthe military mobilization/effort
सेना-समुद्योगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसेना-समुद्योग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथ-नाग-अश्व-पत्तिमान्possessing chariots, elephants, horses, and infantry
रथ-नाग-अश्व-पत्तिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरथ-नाग-अश्व-पत्ति-मत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, terrible
तुमुलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यानाम्of the troops/soldiers
सैन्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
युगान्त-सदृशःlike the end of an age (apocalyptic)
युगान्त-सदृशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुगान्त-सदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
army (senā)
C
chariots (ratha)
E
elephants (nāga)
H
horses (aśva)
I
infantry (patti)
Y
yugānta (end-of-age dissolution)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how war, when driven by massed force and escalation, takes on a destructive momentum likened to cosmic dissolution (yugānta). Ethically, it hints at the peril of allowing power and military might to eclipse restraint and dharma, as the very scale of preparation becomes a sign of impending catastrophe.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava forces have been intensely mobilized. He describes the army as fully equipped with chariots, elephants, horses, and infantry, and portrays the scene as thunderous and terrifying—like the end of the world—setting the tone for the ferocity of the coming engagement.