Shloka 28

Droṇa’s Rebuke to Duryodhana after Jayadratha’s Fall (द्रोणेन दुर्योधनं प्रति प्रत्युक्तिः)

Devanagari script

सो>त्यन्तसुखसंवृद्धो लक्ष्म्या लोकस्य चेश्वर:

Transliteration

so ’tyantasukhasaṁvṛddho lakṣmyā lokasya ceśvaraḥ

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Maka demikianlah dia—yang dibesarkan dan ditinggikan oleh kemuncak kemewahan serta kenikmatan—berdiri sebagai tuan atas rakyat, diperkasakan oleh tuah. Baris ini menegaskan bahawa kedaulatan duniawi boleh diperkukuh oleh kesenangan dan kekayaan, walaupun di tengah tekanan moral peperangan.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अत्यन्त-सुख-संवृद्धः: grown up in extreme happiness; greatly prospered in comfort
• अत्यन्त-सुख-संवृद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संवृद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √वृध्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• लक्ष्म्या: by/with fortune, prosperity
• लक्ष्म्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• लोकस्य: of the world/people
• लोकस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ईश्वरः: lord, ruler
• ईश्वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Lakṣmī (as fortune/prosperity)
• loka (the people/world)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how sovereignty and social dominance can be amplified by prosperity and comfort, implicitly warning that worldly success may mask or intensify ethical vulnerability—especially in a wartime setting where dharma is under strain.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a ruler/leader as flourishing in great comfort and supported by fortune, portrayed as an īśvara over the people—setting a tone of worldly power and its influence within the unfolding conflict.