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Shloka 39

Duryodhana Seeks Droṇa’s Counsel; Imperative to Protect Jayadratha; Pāñcāla Assault on Duryodhana

ततो विस्फार्य बलवदू गाण्डीवं जध्निवान्‌ रिपून्‌ | महता शरवर्षेण तलशब्देन चार्जुन:,यह सुनकर अर्जुनने बड़े जोरसे गाण्डीव धनुषको खींचकर हथेलीके चटचट शब्दके साथ भारी बाण-वर्षा करते हुए शत्रुओंका संहार आरम्भ किया

tato visphārya balavad gāṇḍīvaṃ jaghnivān ripūn | mahatā śaravarṣeṇa talaśabdena cārjunaḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: Mendengar itu, Arjuna menarik Gāṇḍīva dengan gagah, lalu mula menumpaskan musuh—mencurahkan hujan anak panah yang besar, disertai bunyi tepukan tajam dari tapak tangannya. Dalam suasana dharma peperangan, ayat ini menggambarkan tindakan Arjuna sebagai pelaksanaan tegas kewajipan seorang pahlawan: kekuatan yang menentukan diarahkan kepada lawan bersenjata di tengah pertempuran, bukan kekejaman peribadi tetapi pertempuran yang berdisiplin.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
विस्फार्यhaving stretched (twanged)
विस्फार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootविस्फारय्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
बलवत्forcefully, strongly
बलवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबलवत्
गाण्डीवम्Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
गाण्डीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
जघ्निवान्slew, killed
जघ्निवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्तवतु (past active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
रिपून्enemies
रिपून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
महताwith great
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
शरवर्षेणwith a rain of arrows
शरवर्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरवर्ष
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
तलशब्देनwith the sound of the palm (clapping/twang-like snap)
तलशब्देन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतलशब्द
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
R
ripavaḥ (enemies/foes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfast performance of one’s role in a justly undertaken battle: Arjuna acts with focused strength and discipline, directing force toward combatant foes as part of kṣatriya-duty rather than out of personal malice.

After hearing the preceding report, Arjuna forcefully draws his bow Gāṇḍīva and begins a fierce counterattack, unleashing a heavy rain of arrows; the ‘talaśabda’ evokes the audible snap/clap accompanying his rapid martial action.