Mahabharata 7.1.18 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 1, Shloka 18

द्रोणपर्व (अध्याय १) — भीष्मनिधनानन्तरं धृतराष्ट्रस्य शोकः, सेनायाः स्थितिः, कर्णस्मरणं च

Droṇa Parva, Chapter 1: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s grief after Bhīṣma’s fall and the army’s reorientation toward Karṇa

Devanagari script

विधाय रक्षां भीष्माय समाभाष्य परस्परम्‌ | अनुमान्य च गाड़ेयं कृत्वा चापि प्रदक्षिणम्‌

Transliteration

vidhāya rakṣāṃ bhīṣmāya samābhāṣya parasparam | anumānya ca gāṅgeyaṃ kṛtvā cāpi pradakṣiṇam ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Setelah mengatur perlindungan bagi Bhīṣma dan berbicara sesama mereka, mereka memohon perkenan Gāṅgeya (Devavrata) lalu mengelilinginya (pradakṣiṇa) sebagai tanda hormat. Kemudian, bersatu kembali, para kṣatriya itu—didorong oleh Kāla (Waktu/takdir) dan bermata merah kerana amarah—keluar sekali lagi menuju pertempuran.

Word by Word

• विधाय: having arranged / having made
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा (धातु √धा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• रक्षाम्: protection, guard
• रक्षाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भीष्माय: for Bhishma
• भीष्माय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

• समाभाष्य: having spoken / conversed
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-भाष् (धातु √भाष्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• परस्परम्: mutually, with one another
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परस्पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: true

• अनुमान्य: having obtained approval / having taken leave
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-√मन् (धातु √मन्) / अनुमन् (causative sense in usage: to approve/permit)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

• गाङ्गेयम्: Ganga’s son (Bhishma)
• गाङ्गेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाङ्गेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having done / having made
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु √कृ)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: true

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation (keeping to the right)
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīṣma
• Gāṅgeya (Devavrata)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid war, dharma expresses itself through discipline and reverence: the warriors secure their commander (Bhīṣma), seek his consent, and honor him with pradakṣiṇā—yet the narrative also underscores the tragic force of Kāla (Time/fate) and anger that propels combatants back into violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

After arranging Bhīṣma’s protection and consulting among themselves, the Kaurava-side warriors obtain Bhīṣma’s approval, circumambulate him respectfully, and then return together to the battlefield, their eyes reddened with kṣatriya wrath and urged onward by the momentum of destiny.