Shloka 46

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

ततः प्राग्ज्योतिष: क्रुद्धस्तोमरान्‌ वै चतुर्दश

Transliteration

tataḥ prāgjyotiṣaḥ kruddhas tomarān vai caturdaśa

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: Lalu penguasa Prāgjyotiṣa, dibakar amarah, melontar empat belas tombak—suatu peningkatan kekerasan yang menandakan bagaimana murka di medan perang mendorong para pahlawan kepada tindakan yang semakin mematikan, mengeratkan kitaran keganasan.

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereupon
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/then')

• प्राग्ज्योतिषः: the king of Pragjyotiṣa (Bhagadatta)
• प्राग्ज्योतिषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राग्ज्योतिष
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• तोमरान्: javelins/spears
• तोमरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोमर
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• वै: indeed/verily
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: Avyaya (emphatic particle)

• चतुर्दश: fourteen
• चतुर्दश: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्दश
• Form: Numeral (indeclinable in form here), qualifying accusative plural 'तोमरान्'

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• प्राग्ज्योतिष (Prāgjyotiṣa)
• तोमर (tomara; spear/javelin)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) in war rapidly intensifies harm: once wrath takes over, actions become more excessive and destructive, undermining restraint and dharmic self-control even within a warrior’s code.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the warrior-king associated with Prāgjyotiṣa, inflamed with rage, throws fourteen spears at his opponent(s), marking a sharp increase in the ferocity of the exchange.