Shloka 7

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

ज्वलितं शूलमुद्यम्य रूपं कृत्वा विभीषणम्‌ । नानारूपप्रहरणैर्वृतो राक्षसपुड़वै:

Transliteration

jvalitaṁ śūlam udyamya rūpaṁ kṛtvā vibhīṣaṇam | nānārūpa-praharaṇair vṛto rākṣasa-puṅgavaiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya berkata: “Mengangkat lembing yang menyala, dia mengambil rupa yang menggerunkan, dikelilingi oleh rākṣasa-rākṣasa terunggul yang memegang pelbagai jenis senjata.”

Word by Word

ज्वलितम्blazing

शूलम्a spear/trident

उद्यम्यhaving raised/lifted

रूपम्form

कृत्वाhaving made/assuming

विभीषणम्terrifying, dreadful

नानाvarious, many kinds of

रूपforms

प्रहरणैःwith weapons

वृतःsurrounded

राक्षसof demons

पुङ्गवैःby the foremost/chiefs

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

śūla (blazing spear)

rākṣasa-puṅgava (foremost rākṣasas)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how fear is deliberately generated in war through display of power and terrifying appearance; ethically, it points to the psychological dimension of conflict, where intimidation can be as decisive as physical force.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a warrior (not named in this line) lifting a flaming spear and taking on a dreadful form, while being encircled by elite rākṣasa fighters armed with diverse weapons—an image of an overwhelming, fearsome assault.