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Shloka 23

भीष्मशिबिरगमनम् — Duryodhana’s Visit to Bhīṣma’s Camp and the Command Appeal

तस्मिंस्तथा वर्तमाने संकुले तुमुले भूशम्‌ । उभयोरपि संशान्ता हयसड्घा: समन्तत:ः,इस प्रकार अत्यन्त भयानक घमासान युद्ध छिड़ जानेपर दोनों पक्षोंके अश्वसमूह चारों ओर नष्ट हो गये

tasmiṁs tathā vartamāne saṅkule tumule bhūśam | ubhayor api saṁśāntā haya-saṅghāḥ samantataḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Ketika pertempuran berlangsung demikian—padat, hiruk-pikuk, dan amat ganas—kumpulan kuda di kedua-dua pihak pun ditundukkan sama sekali, binasa bergelimpangan di sekeliling.”

तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वर्तमानेwhile (it was) going on/occurring
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
संकुलेin the crowded/confused (battle)
संकुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंकुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुमुलेin the tumultuous (battle)
तुमुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भूशम्exceedingly, greatly
भूशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूशम्
उभयोःof both (sides)
उभयोः:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
संशान्ताःwere destroyed/ceased (lit. calmed down completely)
संशान्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हय-सङ्घाःtroops/groups of horses
हय-सङ्घाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहयसङ्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समन्ततःon all sides, everywhere
समन्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
horses (haya-saṅghāḥ)
B
both armies/sides (ubhayor)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the indiscriminate destructiveness of war: when conflict turns chaotic and uncontrolled, it consumes not only warriors but also helpless beings like horses, revealing the moral cost and collateral suffering inherent in violent ambition.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield as the fighting becomes extremely fierce and confused; amid this uproar, the horse contingents belonging to both sides are wiped out all around.