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Shloka 57

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

अप्राप्ता: सप्तभिभर्भल्लैश्विच्छेद परमास्त्रवित्‌ ततः समादाय शरं सर्वकायविदारणम्‌

aprāptāḥ saptabhir bharbhallaiś viccheda-paramāstravit tataḥ samādāya śaraṃ sarva-kāya-vidāraṇam

Sañjaya berkata: Sebelum sempat mendekatinya, dia menebas semuanya dengan tujuh anak panah tajam, memperlihatkan kemahiran tertinggi dalam memutuskan senjata yang meluru. Lalu dia mengambil pula sebatang anak panah lain—yang mampu mengoyak seluruh tubuh—meningkatkan lagi keganasan pertempuran dan mengingatkan bahawa kepakaran, apabila dipautkan pada perang, menjadi kuasa yang pantas dan tidak dapat dipulihkan akibatnya.

अप्राप्ताःnot having reached / failing to reach
अप्राप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्राप्त (प्र + आप् + क्त, नञ्-पूर्वक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सप्तभिःwith seven
सप्तभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
भल्लैःwith bhalla-arrows
भल्लैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विच्छेदम्cutting off / severance
विच्छेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविच्छेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme, excellent
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अस्त्रवित्knower of weapons
अस्त्रवित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्रवित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
समादायhaving taken up
समादाय:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
शरम्an arrow
शरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वकायविदारणम्body-rending (rending the whole body)
सर्वकायविदारणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वकाय-विदारण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
seven arrows (bharbhalla/bhalla)
Ś
śara (arrow)
A
astra (missile/weapon)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary competence in warfare can rapidly magnify harm: mastery (astravit) enables decisive interception and then escalation. Ethically, it underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension—skill and duty in battle versus the grave human cost that follows from their effective use.

In Sañjaya’s battlefield report, incoming missiles are cut down mid-flight with seven sharp arrows. Immediately afterward, the warrior takes up a more destructive arrow described as capable of rending the entire body, signaling a turn toward a deadlier strike.