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Shloka 86

Droṇa–Dhṛṣṭadyumna-yuddha (द्रोण-धृष्टद्युम्न-युद्धम्) — Tactical duel and allied interventions

ततो दन्तिसहस्राणि रथानां चापि मारिष | अश्वौघा: पुरुषौघाश्व विपरीतं समाययु:,आर्य! तदनन्तर हजारों हाथी, रथ, घुड़सवार और पैदल सैनिक द्वन्द-युद्धके पूर्वोक्त क्रमका उल्लंघन करके सभी सबके साथ युद्ध करने लगे

tato dantisahasrāṇi rathānāṃ cāpi māriṣa | aśvaughāḥ puruṣaughāś ca viparītaṃ samāyayuḥ, ārya |

Sañjaya berkata: Kemudian, wahai yang mulia, ribuan gajah dan kereta perang, serta gelombang pasukan berkuda dan pasukan berjalan kaki, meninggalkan aturan lama pertarungan satu lawan satu, lalu meluru bersama dalam kekacauan yang berlawanan tertib—hingga semuanya bertempur melawan semuanya.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from there/then')
दन्ति-सहस्राणिthousands of elephants
दन्ति-सहस्राणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदन्ति + सहस्र
FormNeuter, nominative, plural
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormAvyaya (particle)
मारिषO noble one / O sir
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
अश्व-ओघाःstreams/masses of horsemen
अश्व-ओघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व + ओघ
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
पुरुष-ओघाःmasses of foot-soldiers/men
पुरुष-ओघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष + ओघ
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
विपरीतम्in reverse / contrary (to order)
विपरीतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविपरीत
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially)
समाययुःcame together / advanced / engaged
समाययुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + या (याति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
elephants
C
chariots
C
cavalry
I
infantry

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly agreed rules of combat can collapse under the pressure of war: when order and restraint fail, violence becomes indiscriminate. It implicitly contrasts dharma-based, regulated fighting with the ethical danger of chaotic, all-against-all slaughter.

Sañjaya reports that large formations—elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry—converge and begin fighting in a mixed, disorderly way, violating the previously described sequence or arrangement of duels and ranks.