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Shloka 15

Puṣkara-Śapatha Itihāsa (Agastya–Indra Dispute at the Tīrthas) | पुष्कर-शपथ-आख्यानम्

देवेभ्यश्न पितृभ्यश्न संश्रितेभ्यस्तथैव च | अवशिष्टनि यो भुंक्ते तमाहुर्विघसाशिनम्‌

devebhyaś ca pitṛbhyaś ca saṁśritebhyaś tathaiva ca | avaśiṣṭaṁ yo bhuṅkte tam āhur vighasāśinam ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Sesiapa yang terlebih dahulu mempersembahkan makanan kepada para dewa dan kepada para leluhur, dan juga kepada mereka yang bergantung kepadanya, lalu memakan baki yang tinggal—orang itu disebut vighasāśin, yakni yang hidup daripada sisa setelah pembahagian yang wajar.”

देवेभ्यःto the gods
देवेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
अश्नeat (offer/partake)
अश्न:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular
पितृभ्यःto the ancestors (pitṛs)
पितृभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
अश्नeat (offer/partake)
अश्न:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular
संश्रितेभ्यःto those who have taken refuge/dependents
संश्रितेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंश्रित
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवशिष्टानिleftover (things)
अवशिष्टानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअवशिष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुङ्क्तेeats
भुङ्क्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey call/say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
विघसाशिनम्a leftover-eater (one who eats remnants)
विघसाशिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविघसाशिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
devas (gods)
P
pitṛs (ancestors)
S
saṁśritas (dependents/refugees under one’s care)

Educational Q&A

One should not consume food as a private entitlement. Dharma requires first honoring higher obligations—offerings to devas and pitṛs—and social obligations—feeding dependents/those under one’s protection—before eating what remains. Such disciplined, sharing-based consumption is praised as vighasāśin.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he defines a virtuous mode of household living: the proper order of giving and eating. The verse characterizes the person who eats only after offerings and distribution as ‘vighasāśin’.