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Shloka 6

Go-dāna-stuti and Ghṛta-Japa

Praise of cow-gift and ghee-centered recitation

आद्ानं च प्रयुड्जीत समंगे बहुलेति च । प्रविश्य च गवां मध्यमिमां श्रुतिमुदाहरेत्‌,गोदान करनेवाले मनुष्यको चाहिये कि वह नियमपूर्वक व्रतका पालन करे और ब्राह्मणको बुलाकर उसका अच्छी तरह सत्कार करके कहे कि “मैं कल प्रातः:काल आपको एक गौ दान करूँगा।” तत्पश्चात्‌ गोदानके लिये वह लाल रंगकी (रोहिणी) गौ मँगाये और “समंगे बहुले” इस प्रकार कहकर गायको सम्बोधित करे, फिर गौओंके बीचमें प्रवेश करके इस निम्नांकित श्रुतिका उच्चारण करे--

Bhīṣma uvāca |

Ādānaṃ ca prayuñjīta samaṅge bahuleti ca |

Praviśya ca gavāṃ madhyam imāṃ śrutim udāharet ||

Bhishma berkata: “Hendaklah si penderma melaksanakan segala tatacara yang ditetapkan; menyapa lembu dengan kata-kata ‘Wahai Samaṅgā, wahai Bahulā’; kemudian, setelah masuk ke tengah kawanan, melafazkan mantera Veda yang suci ini.” Demikianlah go-dāna ditetapkan sebagai suatu upacara yang penuh hormat, tertib, dan bersih niatnya.

आदानम्taking/receiving (act of taking)
आदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रयुञ्जीतshould employ/should use
प्रयुञ्जीत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-युज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
समङ्गेin/at (the one called) Samanga
समङ्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमङ्ग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बहुलेin/at (the one called) Bahula
बहुले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबहुल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रविश्यhaving entered
प्रविश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
मध्यम्the middle
मध्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
श्रुतिम्Vedic utterance/recitation
श्रुतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उदाहरेत्should utter/should recite
उदाहरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
C
cow (gauḥ)
H
herd of cows (gavām)
Ś
Śruti (Vedic formula)

Educational Q&A

Charity is not merely transfer of property; it is a dharmic act requiring discipline, respectful address, and correct ritual speech. The verse stresses purity and propriety in giving—especially in go-dāna—so that the gift becomes sanctified and ethically meaningful.

Bhishma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on the procedure of cow-gift. The donor is told to address the cow with specific epithets (‘Samaṅgā, Bahulā’), enter among the herd, and then recite a prescribed śruti/mantra as part of the formal donation rite.