Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 26

Go-dāna-phala-nirdeśa

Merit and Destinations from the Gift of Cows

गुरुशुश्रूषया शूरा: पितृशुश्रूषयापरे | मातृशुश्रूषया शूरा भैक्ष्यशूरास्तथापरे

bhīṣma uvāca |

guruśuśrūṣayā śūrāḥ pitṛśuśrūṣayāpare |

mātṛśuśrūṣayā śūrā bhaiṣyaśūrās tathāpare ||

Bhishma berkata: “Ada yang digelar wira kerana khidmat bakti kepada guru; yang lain kerana berbakti kepada bapa. Ada yang menzahirkan keberanian melalui bakti kepada ibu, dan ada pula yang menjadi ‘wira’ dalam hidup dengan sedekah (mengemis untuk nafkah). Maka kewiraan bukan hanya di medan perang, tetapi juga pada laku yang berdisiplin, penuh tanggungjawab, dan menahan diri.”

गुरु-शुश्रूषयाby service to the teacher
गुरु-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
शूराःheroes/brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितृ-शुश्रूषयाby service to the father/parents (pitṛs)
पितृ-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मातृ-शुश्रूषयाby service to the mother
मातृ-शुश्रूषया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ + शुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
शूराःheroes/brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भैक्ष्य-शूराःheroes in begging (those brave at living on alms)
भैक्ष्य-शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य + शूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise/and so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
G
Guru (teacher/preceptor)
F
Father
M
Mother

Educational Q&A

Bhishma broadens the idea of ‘heroism’ (śaurya): true valor can be expressed through disciplined duty—serving one’s teacher, parents, and even steadfastly maintaining a mendicant life—rather than only through physical combat.

In Anushasana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is enumerating different kinds of ‘śūra’ (heroes), classifying people by the sphere in which they exhibit strength and excellence—especially through service and restraint.