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Shloka 14

Go-apahāra (Cattle Theft), Go-dāna (Cow-Gift), and Suvarṇa-dakṣiṇā (Gold Fee): Karmic Consequence and Purificatory Merit

पा 000५, १ छा ११) शतेन शतसंख्येन गवां विनिमयेन वै । याचे प्रतिग्रहीतारं स तु मामब्रवीदिदम्‌,“तब मैंने दान लेनेवाले ब्राह्मणसे प्रार्थनापूर्वक कहा--“मैं इस गायके बदले आपको दस हजार गौएँ देता हूँ (आप इन्हें इनकी गाय वापस दे दीजिये)। यह सुनकर वह यों बोला --“महाराज! यह गौ देश-कालके अनुरूप, पूरा दूध देनेवाली, सीधी-सादी और अत्यन्त दयालुस्वभावकी है। यह बहुत मीठा दूध देनेवाली है। धन्य भाग्य जो यह मेरे घर आयी। यह सदा मेरे ही यहाँ रहे

śatena śata-saṅkhyena gavāṁ vinimayena vai | yāce pratigrahītāraṁ sa tu mām abravīd idam ||

Bhishma berkata: Aku merayu Brahmana yang telah menerima pemberian itu, menawarkan pertukaran—ratusan demi ratusan ekor lembu sebagai ganti. Namun dia menjawabku: “Wahai Raja, lembu ini amat sesuai dengan tempat dan waktunya—ia mengeluarkan susu penuh, lemah lembut, lurus dan sederhana, serta sangat berbelas kasihan pada tabiatnya. Susunya amat manis. Beruntunglah aku kerana ia datang ke rumahku. Biarlah ia tinggal bersamaku selama-lamanya.”

शतेनwith a hundred
शतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शतसंख्येनwith the number of a hundred (i.e., by hundreds)
शतसंख्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशतसंख्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
विनिमयेनby exchange
विनिमयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविनिमय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वैindeed/for sure
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
याचेI beg/request
याचे:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रतिग्रहीतारम्the receiver (of a gift)
प्रतिग्रहीतारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रहीतृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this (statement)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a Brahmin recipient (pratigrahītā)
C
cows (go)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the moral complexity around dāna (gifting) and pratigraha (accepting gifts): once a gift is properly accepted, the recipient may regard it as rightfully his, valuing its intrinsic qualities over a larger material substitute. It underscores integrity in transactions and the ethical weight carried by gifts.

Bhishma narrates that he tried to persuade the Brahmin recipient to return a particular cow by offering an enormous exchange of many cows. The Brahmin refuses, praising the cow’s auspicious qualities—timely suitability, abundant milk, gentleness, and sweetness—and insists she should remain in his household.