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Shloka 1

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

ऑपनआ प्रात बछ। अं काज जा एकोनपज्चाशत्तमो<ड्ध्याय: नाना प्रकारके पुत्रोंका वर्णन युधिष्ठिर उदाच ब्रूहि तात कुरुश्रेष्ठ वर्णानां त्वं पूथक्‌ पृथक्‌ । कीदृश्यां कीदृशाश्नापि पुत्रा: कस्य च के च ते,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--तात! कुरुश्रेष्ठी] आप वर्णोंके सम्बन्धमें पृथक्‌ू-पृथक्‌ यह बताइये कि कैसी स्त्रीके गर्भसे कैसे पुत्र उत्पन्न होते हैं? और कौन-से पुत्र किसके होते हैं?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | brūhi tāta kuruśreṣṭha varṇānāṁ tvaṁ pṛthak pṛthak | kīdṛśyāṁ kīdṛśāś cāpi putrāḥ kasya ca ke ca te ||

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Beritahulah aku, wahai datuk yang dikasihi—O yang terbaik dalam kalangan Kuru—jelaskanlah secara berasingan dan menurut tertib tentang golongan-golongan: daripada wanita yang bagaimana lahir anak-anak yang bagaimana? Dan anak-anak yang manakah milik siapa?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तातO dear father/sir
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कुरुश्रेष्ठO best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्णानाम्of the social classes (varṇas)
वर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
पृथक्each by each / distinctly
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
कीदृशीम्what kind of (woman)
कीदृशीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कीदृशाःwhat kind (of)
कीदृशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso/indeed
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पुत्राःsons/children
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कस्यof whom
कस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormGenitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
केwhich (ones)
के:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthey/those
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kuru (dynasty)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an inquiry into dharma as it relates to social order and lineage—how categories of society (varṇa) were traditionally discussed in terms of parentage and the perceived qualities of offspring, emphasizing systematic, case-by-case explanation.

In the Anuśāsana Parva dialogue, Yudhiṣṭhira asks Bhīṣma to explain, in a structured way, how different kinds of sons are said to arise from different kinds of women and to whom such sons are considered to belong—introducing a broader discussion on norms of family, status, and conduct.