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Shloka 26

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

तत्र राज्ञो वच:ः श्रुत्वा विप्रास्ते भरतर्षभ । नियता वाग्यताश्वैव पावकं शरणं ययु:,भरतश्रेष्ठ] राजाकी यह बात सुनकर उन ब्राह्मणोंने शौच-संतोष आदि नियमोंके पालनपूर्वक मौन हो भगवान्‌ अग्निदेवकी शरण ली

tatra rājño vacaḥ śrutvā viprās te bharatarṣabha | niyatā vāgyatāś caiva pāvakaṃ śaraṇaṃ yayuḥ ||

Wahai lembu jantan keturunan Bharata, setelah mendengar kata-kata raja itu, para brāhmaṇa tersebut—teguh dalam tata laku dan menahan bicara—diam membisu lalu mencari perlindungan pada Pāvaka, Dewa Api.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वचःspeech/words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (त्वा), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
विप्राःbrahmins
विप्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose/they
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull of the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नियताःrestrained/observant (of rules)
नियताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वाग्यताःrestrained in speech, silent
वाग्यताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक्-यत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पावकम्Agni, the Fire-god
पावकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ययुःwent
ययुः:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bharatarshabha (Yudhishthira as addressee)
R
Raja (the king, unnamed here)
V
Vipras (Brahmanas)
P
Pavaka (Agni, Fire-god)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a dharmic mode of conduct: when confronted with a king’s pronouncement, the brāhmaṇas respond through niyama (disciplined observance) and vāg-yama (restraint of speech), choosing silence and seeking refuge in Agni—symbol of purity, truth, and divine witnessing—rather than reacting impulsively.

After hearing the king’s words, the brāhmaṇas become silent, maintain their prescribed disciplines, and go to Pāvaka (Agni) for protection/refuge, indicating a turn toward sacred authority and ritual-ethical grounding in the face of the situation created by royal speech.