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Shloka 3

कालयुक्तधर्मविवेकः

Discerning Dharma in Accord with Time

केन शीलेन वृत्तेन कर्मणा कीदृशेन वा । समाचारैर्गुणै: कैर्वा स्वर्ग यान्तीह मानवा:

kena śīlena vṛttena karmaṇā kīdṛśena vā | samācārair guṇaiḥ kair vā svargaṃ yāntīha mānavāḥ, prabho ||

“Dengan sifat dan watak apakah, dengan cara hidup bagaimanakah, dengan perbuatan jenis apakah—dengan adat yang baik atau dengan kebajikan yang manakah—manusia di dunia ini terikat, terbebas, dan mencapai syurga?”

केनby what
केन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शीलेनby character/nature
शीलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशील
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वृत्तेनby conduct/behavior
वृत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कीदृशेनof what kind
कीदृशेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
समाचारैःby good practices/observances
समाचारैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमाचार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
गुणैःby virtues/qualities
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कैःby which
कैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तिgo/attain
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
मानवाःmen/humans
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रभोO lord/master
प्रभो:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (Śiva)
P
Prabhu (the addressed Lord)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up a dharmic inquiry: heavenly attainment is linked to a composite of inner character (śīla), outward conduct (vṛtta), intentional deeds (karma), and cultivated virtues and observances (guṇa, samācāra). It implies that destiny is shaped not by a single act but by an integrated ethical life.

Śrī Maheśvara addresses the Lord with a formal question, asking for the criteria—qualities and behaviors—by which humans attain svarga. This functions as the opening of an instruction or discourse on righteous living and its results.