Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)
उपवास: सदा धर्मो ब्राह्मणस्य न संशय: । स हि धर्मार्थसम्पन्नो ब्रह्म भूयाय कल्पते
upavāsaḥ sadā dharmo brāhmaṇasya na saṁśayaḥ | sa hi dharmārthasampanno brahma bhūyāya kalpate ||
Mahesvara bersabda: “Bagi seorang brāhmaṇa, pengamalan upavāsa—difahami sebagai pengekangan indera secara berdisiplin—sentiasa merupakan dharma; tiada keraguan tentang hal ini. Seorang brāhmaṇa yang dikurniai dharma dan artha (kelakuan benar dan rezeki yang benar) menjadi layak mencapai keadaan Brahman.”
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Upavāsa—taken not merely as abstaining from food but as sustained restraint of the senses—is presented as a constant dharma for a brāhmaṇa. When joined with dharma and artha in a righteous way of life, it qualifies one for Brahman-attainment.
Śrī Maheśvara is instructing about the ethical and spiritual discipline appropriate to a brāhmaṇa, emphasizing continual self-restraint as a religious duty and linking such disciplined living to eligibility for realizing Brahman.