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Shloka 30

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच (एतत्ते कथयिष्यामि यत्ते देवि मन:प्रियम्‌ । शृणु तत्‌ सर्वमखिलं धर्म वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्‌ ।।

śrīmaheśvara uvāca |

etatte kathayiṣyāmi yatte devi manaḥ-priyam |

śṛṇu tat sarvamakhilaṁ dharmaṁ varṇāśramāśritam ||

Śrī Maheśvara bersabda: “Wahai Dewi, akan kukatakan kepadamu ajaran tentang dharma yang menyenangkan hatimu. Dengarlah sepenuhnya uraian lengkap tentang dharma sebagaimana ia bersandar pada kerangka varṇa dan āśrama.”

श्रीमहेश्वरःŚrī Maheśvara (Lord Śiva)
श्रीमहेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
कथयिष्यामिI will tell
कथयिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormFuture, First, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
देविO goddess
देवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रियम्dear/pleasing
प्रियम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अखिलम्entire, whole
अखिलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, duty/law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्based on varṇa and āśrama
वर्णाश्रमाश्रितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ण-आश्रम-आश्रित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियाःKṣatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैश्याःVaiśyas
वैश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूद्राःŚūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्विधम्fourfold
चतुर्विधम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मणाby Brahmā
ब्रह्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विहिताःordained, established
विहिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPast (PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पूर्वम्formerly, at first
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
लोकतन्त्रम्order/system of the world
लोकतन्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोकतन्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभीप्सताdesiring
अभीप्सता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-ईप्स्
FormPresent (active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्माणिactions, duties
कर्माणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्of that (of them)
तत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अर्हाणिappropriate, fit
अर्हाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्ह
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
शास्त्रेषुin the scriptures
शास्त्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
विहितानिprescribed
विहितानि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPast (PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
D
Devī (Goddess, Pārvatī)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as something to be understood comprehensively through the varṇa–āśrama structure, presenting it as an ordered, teachable system rather than a purely personal preference.

Śiva (Maheśvara) addresses Devī and announces that he will now explain, in full, the doctrine of dharma grounded in varṇas and āśramas—serving as a preface to a longer instructional section.