Previous Verse

Shloka 313

Viṣṇu-sahasranāma—Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Recitation (विष्णोर्नामसहस्रम्)

तस्मात्तु कपिला देया कौमुद्रां ज्येष्ठपुष्करे । ब्रह्म हत्याके समान जो कोई पाप होता है

tasmāttu kapilā deyā kaumudrāṁ jyeṣṭha-puṣkare |

Yama bersabda: Oleh itu, pada hari purnama bulan Kārtika, hendaklah seseorang bersedekah seekor lembu berwarna perang keemasan (kapilā) di Jyeṣṭha‑Puṣkara. Satu pemberian tunggal ini diajarkan mampu menyucikan bahkan dosa seberat brahmahatyā (membunuh seorang brāhmaṇa), dan sedekah seekor lembu ini dinyatakan setara pahalanya dengan seratus sedekah lembu yang biasa. Inti etika ajaran ini ialah: dāna yang ikhlas, tepat waktunya dan tepat tempatnya, dilakukan dengan iman, memiliki daya penyucian yang luar biasa serta menegakkan tertib dharma.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कपिलाa tawny (kapilā) cow
कपिला:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकपिला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देयाshould be given
देया:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormGerundive (potential passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, ought to be given
कौमुद्राम्at/for the Kaumudrā (full-moon night/occasion)
कौमुद्राम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौमुद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ज्येष्ठपुष्करेin Jyeṣṭha-puṣkara (the sacred place)
ज्येष्ठपुष्करे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठपुष्कर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
K
Kapilā cow
J
Jyeṣṭha-Puṣkara (tīrtha)
K
Kārtika Pūrṇimā (full moon of Kārtika)
B
Brahmahatyā (sin)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the exceptional purificatory and merit-giving power of properly performed dāna—specifically, donating a kapilā cow at the sacred place Jyeṣṭha-Puṣkara on Kārtika Pūrṇimā—said to cleanse even extremely grave sins and to equal the merit of many ordinary cow-gifts.

In Yama’s discourse on dharma and religious duties, he prescribes a specific act of charity tied to a particular time (Kārtika full moon) and place (Jyeṣṭha-Puṣkara), emphasizing its extraordinary efficacy as expiation and as a source of puṇya.