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Shloka 1

Duḥṣantasya Vana-praveśaḥ

King Duḥṣanta’s Entry into the Forest Hunt

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके ११३ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ६४ ३ “लोक हैं) जा >> हु नाग त्रेषष्टितमोड्ध्याय: राजा उपरिचरका चरित्र तथा सत्यवती

Vaiśampāyana uvāca—rājoparicaro nāma dharmanityo mahīpatiḥ | babhūva mṛgayāṃ gantuṃ sadā kila dhṛtavrataḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Dahulu ada seorang raja bernama Uparicara, seorang pemerintah yang teguh berpegang pada dharma. Namun demikian, dikatakan bahawa menjadi amalan tetapnya juga untuk kerap pergi berburu. Rangkap ini memperkenalkan potret yang sarat pertimbangan moral: seorang raja yang setia pada kebenaran, tetapi masih terikat—seakan suatu nazar—pada perburuan, membuka ruang renungan tentang tugas raja, pengendalian diri, dan etika kekerasan.

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपरिचरःUparicara (name of a king)
उपरिचरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपरिचर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / called
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
धर्मनित्यःever devoted to dharma
धर्मनित्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मनित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपतिःlord of the earth (ruler)
महीपतिः:
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बभूवbecame / was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृगयाम्hunting / chase
मृगयाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृगया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormTumun (infinitive)
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
किलindeed / it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
धृतव्रतःone who has undertaken a vow / firm in vows
धृतव्रतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधृतव्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
U
Uparicara (king)
J
Janamejaya (implied addressee in the prose gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse juxtaposes devotion to dharma with a firm commitment to hunting, inviting ethical inquiry into how a ruler’s personal habits—especially those involving harm—align (or conflict) with righteousness and self-restraint.

Vaiśampāyana begins a new episode by introducing King Uparicara: a dharma-oriented sovereign who nevertheless regularly goes to the hunt, preparing the ground for the subsequent account of his life and its consequences.