Shloka 31

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

Devanagari script

जनमेजय! तदनन्तर दुर्योधनने गंगातटपर जल-विहारके लिये ऊनी और सूती कपड़ोंके विचित्र एवं विशाल गृह तैयार कराये

Transliteration

Janamejaya! tadanantara Duryodhanena Gaṅgā-taṭe jala-vihārāya ūṇī-sūtī-vastraiḥ vicitraṃ ca viśālaṃ ca gṛhaṃ nirmāpayām āsa.

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Wahai Janamejaya, selepas itu Duryodhana menyediakan sebuah balai yang luas dan indah di tebing Sungai Gaṅgā untuk bersuka ria di air, dilengkapi dengan pelbagai kain bulu dan kain kapas.”

Word by Word

• जनमेजय: O Janamejaya
• जनमेजय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनमेजय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अनन्तरम्: after that; thereafter
• अनन्तरम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तर

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गङ्गा-तट-परम्: on the bank of the Ganga
• गङ्गा-तट-परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गङ्गातटपर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• जल-विहारकाय: for water-sport/bathing recreation
• जल-विहारकाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जलविहारक
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• ऊनी: woollen (of)
• ऊनी: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऊनिन्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• सूती: cotton (of)
• सूती: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूति/सूतिक
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• कपडानाम्: of garments/cloths
• कपडानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपड
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• विचित्राणि: variegated; splendid
• विचित्राणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचित्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• विशालानि: large; spacious
• विशालानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशाल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• गृहाणि: houses; pavilions
• गृहाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• तैयार: ready; prepared
• तैयार: Karma
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तैयार

• कारयामास: caused to be made; had (them) constructed
• कारयामास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Periphrastic perfect (āmāsa-construction), 3rd, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
• जनमेजय (Janamejaya)
• दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
• गङ्गा (Gaṅgā)
• गङ्गातट (bank of the Gaṅgā)
• जलविहार (water-sport)
• ऊन-वस्त्र (woollen cloth)
• सूती-वस्त्र (cotton cloth)
• विशाल गृह (spacious pavilion/house)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how indulgence and display of wealth can become tools of status and rivalry; in the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, such outward splendor often precedes inner tensions—envy, competition, and the erosion of restraint (dama).

What is happening in the narrative?

After a preceding event, Duryodhana arranges a large, ornate structure on the Gaṅgā’s bank for water recreation, outfitted with woollen and cotton textiles—setting the scene for courtly leisure that can also serve as a stage for comparison and contest.