Shloka 3

Narmadā–Tīrtha-Māhātmya: Sequence of Sacred Fords and Their Fruits

Devanagari script

सर्वपापहरा नित्यं सर्वदेवनमस्कृता / संस्तुता देवगन्धर्वैरप्यरोभिस्तथैव च

Transliteration

sarvapāpaharā nityaṃ sarvadevanamaskṛtā / saṃstutā devagandharvairapyarobhistathaiva ca

Translation

Dia yang sentiasa menghapus segala dosa, yang disembah sujud oleh semua dewa. Dia dipuji oleh para Deva dan Gandharva, demikian pula oleh para Apsara.

Word by Word

• सर्वपापहरा: remover of all sins
• सर्वपापहरा: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + पाप + हरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सर्वेषां पापानां हरा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण नपुंसक-एकवचन-प्रथमा/द्वितीया (अव्ययीभूत); adverb ‘always’

• सर्वदेवनमस्कृता: saluted by all gods
• सर्वदेवनमस्कृता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + देव + नमस्कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सर्वैः देवैः नमस्कृता); क्त-कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘saluted by all gods’

• संस्तुता: praised
• संस्तुता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+स्तु (धातु) → संस्तुत (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• देवगन्धर्वैः: by gods and Gandharvas
• देवगन्धर्वैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle) ‘also/even’

• अरोभिः: by celestial nymphs (Apsarās)
• अरोभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; ‘Apsaras-class/Aras’ (celestial beings)

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण ‘thus/so’

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण (emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic voice, traditionally Sūta reporting the account to the sages)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Gandharvas
• Apsarases
• Sarvapāpaharā (epithet of the Goddess)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: by portraying the Divine as universally revered and as the remover of sin, the verse points to a supreme, all-pervading sacred authority that uplifts the individual beyond bondage caused by pāpa.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes stuti (devotional praise) and namaskāra (reverential salutations) as purifying disciplines—supportive practices that prepare the mind for deeper yoga by reducing inner impurity (mala) associated with sin.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By focusing on a universally worshipped divine power beyond sectarian limits, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s integrative tone—where devotion and purification are shared foundations across Shaiva and Vaishnava paths.