Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 2

Gṛhastha Livelihood, Āpad-dharma, and Sacrificial Stewardship of Wealth

द्विविधस्तु गृही ज्ञेयः साधकश्चाप्यसाधकः / अध्यापनं याजनं च पूर्वस्याहुः प्रतिग्रहम् / कुसीदकृषिवाणिज्यं प्रकुर्वोतास्वयङ्कृतम्

dvividhastu gṛhī jñeyaḥ sādhakaścāpyasādhakaḥ / adhyāpanaṃ yājanaṃ ca pūrvasyāhuḥ pratigraham / kusīdakṛṣivāṇijyaṃ prakurvotāsvayaṅkṛtam

Seorang grihastha diketahui dua jenis: sādhaka (pengamal berdisiplin) dan bukan sādhaka. Bagi yang pertama, para bijak menyatakan tugasnya ialah mengajar, memimpin yajña, serta menerima dana (pemberian). Adapun yang kedua menceburi riba pinjaman, pertanian dan perniagaan—pekerjaan yang diusahakan menurut daya cipta sendiri demi keuntungan duniawi.

dvi-vidhaḥtwofold
dvi-vidhaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi + vidha (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; द्विगु-समासः (twofold) विशेषणम् (qualifies gṛhī)
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वयार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)
gṛhīhouseholder
gṛhī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛhin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्
jñeyaḥis to be known
jñeyaḥ:
Vidhi (विधिः)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā + ya (धातु+कृत्)
Formयत्/ण्यत्-कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; विधेयः (to be known)
sādhakaḥthe observant one
sādhakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsādhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; (one who accomplishes/observant)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
asādhakaḥthe non-observant one
asādhakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota- + sādhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; नञ्-समास/उपसर्ग-निषेध (non-observant)
adhyāpanamteaching
adhyāpanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāpana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्; क्रियानाम (teaching)
yājanamperforming sacrifice for others
yājanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyājana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्; क्रियानाम (officiating sacrifice)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)
pūrvasyaof the former
pūrvasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचनम्; (of the former)
āhuḥthey say
āhuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), बहुवचनम्
pratigrahamacceptance of gifts
pratigraham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpratigraha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्; क्रियानाम (accepting gifts)
kusīda-kṛṣi-vāṇijyamusury, farming, and trade
kusīda-kṛṣi-vāṇijyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkusīda + kṛṣi + vāṇijya (प्रातिपदिके)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचनम्; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (usury, agriculture, trade)
prakurvotashould undertake/do
prakurvota:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√kṛ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकारः (Imperative), परस्मैपदम्, मध्यमपुरुषः (2nd), बहुवचनम्; पाठभेदः सम्भाव्यः: 'prakurvīta' (optative)
a-svayam-kṛtamnot done by oneself (through others)
a-svayam-kṛtam:
Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Roota- + svayam + kṛta (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; अव्ययीभावः (svayam-kṛta) + नञ्-निषेध; विशेषणम् (qualifies kusīda-kṛṣi-vāṇijyam)

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Kurma Purana’s teaching on varṇāśrama-dharma

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

G
Gṛhastha
V
Varṇāśrama-dharma
Y
Yajña
D
Dharma

FAQs

It does not directly define Ātman; it frames dharma in terms of disciplined household life, implying that inner sādhana should govern livelihood rather than mere profit-driven activity.

No specific yogic technique is named; the verse emphasizes sādhana as a mode of life for the gṛhastha—aligning one’s work with śāstric duty (teaching, yajña-service, and righteous receiving) rather than restless worldly enterprises.

This verse is primarily dharma-oriented and does not address Shiva–Vishnu unity explicitly; it supports the Purana’s broader synthesis by presenting disciplined duty (sādhaka gṛhastha) as a shared foundation for devotion across sectarian lines.