Shloka 4

Brahmacārin-Dharma: Guru-Sevā, Daily Vedic Study, Gāyatrī-Japa, and Anadhyāya Regulations

Devanagari script

नीचं शय्यासनं चास्य सर्वदा गुरुसन्निधौ / गुरोस्तु चक्षुर्विषये न यथेष्टासनो भवेत्

Transliteration

nīcaṃ śayyāsanaṃ cāsya sarvadā gurusannidhau / gurostu cakṣurviṣaye na yatheṣṭāsano bhavet

Translation

Di hadapan guru, tempat tidur dan tempat duduknya hendaklah sentiasa lebih rendah. Dan dalam lingkungan pandangan guru, janganlah duduk sesuka hati (secara sambil lewa atau angkuh).

Word by Word

• nīcam: low
• nīcam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nīca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण द्वितीया-एकवचन (adverbial accusative): 'low/down'

• śayyā-āsanam: bed and seat
• śayyā-āsanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayyā (प्रातिपदिक) + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः: शय्या च आसनं च

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asya: of him/for him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• sarvadā: always
• sarvadā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• guru-sannidhau: in the presence of the teacher
• guru-sannidhau: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + sannidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: गुरोः सन्निधिः

• guroḥ: of the teacher
• guroḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')

• cakṣuḥ-viṣaye: within the range of (his) sight
• cakṣuḥ-viṣaye: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakṣus (प्रातिपदिक) + viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: चक्षुषः विषयः

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• yathā-iṣṭa-āsanaḥ: one who sits as he likes
• yathā-iṣṭa-āsanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + iṣṭa (कृदन्त, √iṣ) + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव-समासः: यथेष्टम् (as one likes) + आसनः; 'sitting as he pleases'

• bhavet: should be
• bhavet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; निषेधेन 'न भवेत्' = 'should not be'

Speaker

Traditional narration within the Kurma Purana’s dharma-teaching discourse (instructional voice attributed to the Purāṇic teacher; commonly framed as Lord Kūrma’s teaching tradition).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Śiṣya (disciple)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it teaches vinaya (humility) and self-restraint, which purify the mind; such purification is a prerequisite for realizing the Atman in the Purāṇic yoga-dharma framework.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights foundational discipline akin to yama/niyama—especially humility, reverence to the teacher, and regulated conduct—seen as preparatory supports for higher practices (japa, dhyāna, and Śiva-Viṣṇu-oriented devotion) emphasized in Kurma Purana’s yoga teachings.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; the verse focuses on guru-śiṣya etiquette. In the Kurma Purana’s broader synthesis, such disciplined devotion to the Guru supports realization of the one Supreme (often expressed through Śiva-Viṣṇu unity) taught across its yoga and dharma sections.