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Shloka 20

Sūrya’s Celestial Car: Ādityas, Ṛṣis, Gandharvas, Apsarases, Nāgas, and the Two-Month Cosmic Cycle

बालखिल्या नयन्त्यस्तं परिवार्योदयाद् रविम् / एते तपन्ति वर्षन्ति भान्ति वान्ति सृजन्ति च / भूतानामशुभं कर्म व्यपोहन्तीह कीर्तिताः

bālakhilyā nayantyastaṃ parivāryodayād ravim / ete tapanti varṣanti bhānti vānti sṛjanti ca / bhūtānāmaśubhaṃ karma vyapohantīha kīrtitāḥ

Para resi Bālakhilya, mengelilingi Surya saat terbit, menuntun-Nya hingga terbenam. Mereka memanaskan, menurunkan hujan, bersinar, bertiup sebagai angin, dan turut melahirkan ciptaan. Di sini mereka dipuji sebagai yang menyingkirkan karma tidak mujur makhluk hidup.

bālakhilyāḥthe Bālakhilya sages
bālakhilyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbālakhilya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
nayantilead
nayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnī (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
astamto setting (sunset)
astam:
Karma/Goal (कर्म/गति-लक्ष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootasta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially as 'to setting'
parivāryahaving surrounded
parivārya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpari-√vṛ (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्यय), 'having surrounded'
udayātfrom sunrise
udayāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootudaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन)
ravimthe Sun
ravim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootravi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
etethese (ones)
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
tapantiheat/burn
tapanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottap (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
varṣantirain
varṣanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛṣ (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
bhāntishine
bhānti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhā (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
vāntiblow (as wind)
vānti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvā (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
sṛjanticreate/emit
sṛjanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsṛj (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
bhūtānāmof beings
bhūtānām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)
aśubhaminauspicious/evil
aśubham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies 'karma'
karmadeed/action
karma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
vyapohantiremove/dispel
vyapohanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-apa-√uh (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
ihahere
iha:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)
kīrtitāḥare said/are described
kīrtitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootkīrtita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √kīrt/√kṛt in passive sense)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); used predicatively

Primary narrator (Purāṇic narration) describing the solar retinue; traditionally framed within the Kurma Purana’s dialogue setting of sages and the divine teaching stream

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

B
Bālakhilya sages
R
Ravi (Sūrya)
B
Bhūtas (living beings)

FAQs

Indirectly: it shows that cosmic functions (heat, rain, light, wind, creation) operate as an ordered, purifying power; in Kurma Purana’s theology these are expressions of īśvara-śakti supporting dharma and cleansing aśubha karma, pointing to an underlying governing Reality rather than random nature.

The verse foregrounds tapas (austerity/inner heat) embodied by the Bālakhilyas; in the Kurma Purana’s broader Yoga-shāstra tone, such tapas aligns with disciplined conduct, purity (śauca), and devotion that burn karmic impurities—an outer-cosmic mirror of inner yogic purification.

Not explicitly by name, but it reflects the Purana’s synthetic vision: the same divine order that sustains Sūrya’s course and removes karma is ultimately one īśvara-tattva, harmonizing sectarian forms (Śaiva-Vaiṣṇava) as coordinated powers within a single cosmic governance.