Shloka 2

गान्धर्वमूर्छनालक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Gandharva Mūrchanā Characteristics

Devanagari script

अलङ्कारास्तु वक्तव्याः स्वैः स्वैर्वर्णैः प्रहेतवः / संस्था नयोगैश्च तथा सदा नाढ्याद्यवेक्षया

Transliteration

alaṅkārāstu vaktavyāḥ svaiḥ svairvarṇaiḥ prahetavaḥ / saṃsthā nayogaiśca tathā sadā nāḍhyādyavekṣayā

Translation

Alaṅkāra hendaklah dihuraikan dengan varṇa masing-masing beserta sebabnya; juga menurut ketetapan saṃhitā-niyoga, dengan sentiasa meneliti nāḍī dan sebagainya.

Word by Word

• alaṅkārāḥ: ornaments; figures
• alaṅkārāḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: alaṅkāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tu: however; indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• vaktavyāḥ: to be stated; should be described
• vaktavyāḥ: Vidheyaviṣeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaktavya (कृदन्त; √vac/वच् ḍātu, तव्य)
• Form: Gerundive (तव्यत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) agreeing with alaṅkārāḥ

• svaiḥ: by their own
• svaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• svaiḥ: each by its own
• svaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन) (reduplicated distributively: 'each by its own')

• varṇaiḥ: by syllables/notes (varṇas)
• varṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pra-hetavaḥ: having proper causes; well-motivated
• pra-hetavaḥ: Vidheyaviṣeṣaṇa (विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prahetu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) (predicate/qualifier of alaṅkārāḥ)

• saṃsthāḥ: configurations; arrangements
• saṃsthāḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃsthā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) (understood with alaṅkārāḥ: 'as configurations')

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध)

• yogaiḥ: by combinations; connections
• yogaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• tathā: thus; likewise
• tathā: Kriyāviṣeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriyāviṣeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (कालवाचक)

• nāḍhya-ādi-avekṣayā: by consideration of (things) beginning with nāḍhya
• nāḍhya-ādi-avekṣayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāḍhya + ādi + avekṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)