Shloka 47
Rāja-prabodhana and Prātaḥ-kṛtya
Awakening of the King and Morning Observances
Devanagari script
अहो ऽनुजीविनः किञ्चिद्भर्तारं व्यसनार्णवे / तत्प्रसादसमुन्नद्धा मज्जयं त्यनयोन्मुखाः
Transliteration
aho 'nujīvinaḥ kiñcidbhartāraṃ vyasanārṇave / tatprasādasamunnaddhā majjayaṃ tyanayonmukhāḥ
Translation
Aduhai! Para pengikut yang bergantung hidup, apabila melihat tuannya terjatuh sedikit ke lautan kesusahan, menjadi mabuk oleh kurnianya lalu cenderung kepada kezaliman hingga menenggelamkan tuannya sendiri.
Word by Word
ahoalas! ah!
aho:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विस्मयादि-निपात (exclamatory particle)
anujīvinaḥdependents
anujīvinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanu-jīvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘dependents/retainers’
kiñcita little; somewhat
kiñcit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkiñcit (अव्यय/सर्वनाम)
Formअव्यय; परिमाणवाचक (indefinite quantifier) ‘a little/somewhat’
bhartārammaster; supporter
bhartāram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
vyasana-arṇavein the ocean of calamity
vyasana-arṇave:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक) + arṇava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (व्यसनस्य अर्णवः)
tat-prasāda-samunnaddhāḥinflated by his favor
tat-prasāda-samunnaddhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम) + prasāda (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ud-nah (धातु) → samunnaddha (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण; समासः (तत्प्रसादेन समुन्नद्धाः = ‘puffed up by his favor’)
majjayammarrow; essence
majjayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmajjā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (पाठे ‘मज्जयम्’ इति रूपम्); अर्थे ‘marrow/essence’
tithus (iti)
ti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इति-निपात (quotative particle); पाठे ‘त्य’ संधिभागः
anaya-unmukhāḥbent toward ruin
anaya-unmukhāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanaya (प्रातिपदिक) + unmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुषः (अनये उन्मुखाः = ‘turned toward misfortune’)