Shloka 1
Brahmaṇa-parīkṣā
Examination/Doctrine of the Pitṛs in Śrāddha Context
Devanagari script
इति श्रीब्रह्माण्डे महापुराणे वायुप्रोक्ते मध्यभागे तृतीय उपोद्धातपादे श्राद्धकल्पे ब्रह्मणपरीक्षा नाम एकोनविंशो ऽध्यायः // १९// बृहस्पतिरुवाच इत्येते पितरो देवा देवानामपि देवताः / सप्तस्वेते स्थिता नित्यं स्थानेषु पितरो ऽव्ययाः
Transliteration
iti śrībrahmāṇḍe mahāpurāṇe vāyuprokte madhyabhāge tṛtīya upoddhātapāde śrāddhakalpe brahmaṇaparīkṣā nāma ekonaviṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ // 19// bṛhaspatiruvāca ityete pitaro devā devānāmapi devatāḥ / saptasvete sthitā nityaṃ sthāneṣu pitaro 'vyayāḥ
Translation
Demikianlah dalam Śrī Brahmāṇḍa Mahāpurāṇa (dituturkan oleh Vāyu), pada bahagian tengah, pada upoddhāta-pāda ketiga, dalam Śrāddha-kalpa, bab kesembilan belas bernama “Brahmaṇa-parīkṣā”. Bṛhaspati bersabda: Para Pitara ini bersifat dewa, bahkan menjadi adhidevatā bagi para dewa; para Pitara yang tidak binasa itu sentiasa bersemayam pada tujuh kedudukan.
Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation/closure particle (इति-प्रयोगः)
śrī-brahmāṇḍein the Śrī Brahmāṇḍa (Purāṇa)
śrī-brahmāṇḍe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-brahmāṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); compound: śrī + brahmāṇḍa
mahā-purāṇein the great Purāṇa
mahā-purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: mahā + purāṇa
vāyu-proktespoken by Vāyu
vāyu-prokte:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāyu-prokta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKridanta (past passive participle, क्त-प्रत्यय); Neuter, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: vāyu + prokta; agrees with purāṇe
madhya-bhāgein the middle section
madhya-bhāge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya-bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: madhya + bhāga
tṛtīyein the third
tṛtīye:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; ordinal adjective; agrees with pāde
upoddhāta-pādein the introductory quarter/section
upoddhāta-pāde:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootupoddhāta-pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: upoddhāta + pāda
śrāddha-kalpein the Śrāddha-kalpa
śrāddha-kalpe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha-kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th), Singular; compound: śrāddha + kalpa
brahmaṇa-parīkṣā(called) ‘Examination of the Brāhmaṇa’
brahmaṇa-parīkṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmaṇa-parīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; compound: brahmaṇa + parīkṣā
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/name-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; naming particle (नाम-प्रयोगः)
ekona-viṃśaḥnineteenth (one less than twenty)
ekona-viṃśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootekona-viṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; numeral compound (dvigu): ekona + viṃśa; agrees with adhyāyaḥ
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
bṛhaspatiḥBṛhaspati
bṛhaspatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun
pitaraḥFathers (Pitṛs)
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; irregular stem pitṛ
devāḥgods
devāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; in apposition to pitaraḥ
devānāmof the gods
devānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (emphasis/inclusion)
devatāḥdeities
devatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Plural; predicate nominative
saptasuin seven (places)
saptasu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormLocative (7th), Plural; numeral used substantively; qualifies sthāneṣu (understood)
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; pronoun
sthitāḥsituated/established
sthitāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त/क्त-प्रत्यय; sthita); Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; used predicatively with ete/pitaraḥ
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva usage as adverb; accusative used adverbially (नित्यं)
sthāneṣuin places/abodes
sthāneṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Plural
pitaraḥthe Pitṛs
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; reiteration for emphasis
avyayāḥimperishable
avyayāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; adjective agreeing with pitaraḥ