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Shloka 33

Prāyaścitta, the ‘Elephant Bath’ Problem, and the Opening of Ajāmila-Upākhyāna

कस्य वा कुत आयाता: कस्मादस्य निषेधथ । किं देवा उपदेवा या यूयं किं सिद्धसत्तमा: ॥ ३३ ॥

kasya vā kuta āyātāḥ kasmād asya niṣedhatha kiṁ devā upadevā yā yūyaṁ kiṁ siddha-sattamāḥ

Kamu ini hamba siapa, datang dari mana, dan mengapa melarang kami menyentuh Ajāmila? Adakah kamu para dewa, separa dewa, atau yang terbaik dalam kalangan siddha?

kasyaof whom
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन — ‘of whom/whose’
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विकल्पार्थक निपात (disjunctive particle) — ‘or’
kutaḥfrom where
kutaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान/Source sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkutas (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय, प्रश्नार्थक (interrogative adverb) — ‘from where’
āyātāḥhave come
āyātāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā√yā (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle, PPP) ‘आगताः’; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘having come’
kasmātwhy/from what cause
kasmāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी, एकवचन — ‘from what reason/why’
asyaof him
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन — ‘of this/of him’
niṣedhathado you forbid
niṣedhatha:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni√sidh (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), बहुवचन — ‘you forbid/prevent’
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न/Interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रश्नार्थक निपात (interrogative particle) — ‘what?/are (you) …?’
devāḥgods
devāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘gods’
upadevāḥdemigods
upadevāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootupadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘demigods/secondary deities’
yāḥwho
yāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — relative pronoun ‘who (fem./as a class)’ used loosely for ‘you who…’
yūyamyou
yūyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formमध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — ‘you’
kimwhat
kim:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रश्नार्थक निपात — ‘what?/are you…?’
siddha-sattamāḥthe best of the Siddhas
siddha-sattamāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsiddha (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/विशेषण-तत्पुरुषार्थे ‘सिद्धानां सत्तमाः’ (best among the Siddhas); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — predicate nominative

The most significant word used in this verse is siddha-sattamāḥ, which means “the best of the perfect.” In Bhagavad-gītā (7.3) it is said, manuṣyāṇāṁ sahasreṣu kaścid yatati siddhaye: out of millions of persons, one may try to become siddha, perfect — or, in other words, self-realized. A self-realized person knows that he is not the body but a spiritual soul ( ahaṁ brahmāsmi ). At the present moment practically everyone is unaware of this fact, but one who understands this has attained perfection and is therefore called siddha. When one understands that the soul is part and parcel of the supreme soul and one thus engages in the devotional service of the supreme soul, one becomes siddha-sattama. One is then eligible to live in the Vaikuṇṭha planets or Kṛṣṇaloka. The word siddha-sattama, therefore, refers to a liberated, pure devotee.

V
Viṣṇudūtas
A
Ajāmila

FAQs

They are the divine messengers of Lord Viṣṇu who appear to protect a soul from improper punishment and to uphold the supremacy of devotion and the holy name.

Because the Viṣṇudūtas intervened with extraordinary authority, the Yamadūtas tried to identify their status—whether they were devas, semi-devas, or perfected beings—since only higher authorities could obstruct Yama’s servants.

It teaches discernment about spiritual authority and reinforces that sincere connection to the Lord—especially through the holy name—can transform one’s destiny beyond ordinary fear and punishment.