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Shloka 23

Avatāra-kathā — The Puruṣa, the Many Incarnations, and Kṛṣṇa as Svayam Bhagavān

एकोनविंशे विंशतिमे वृष्णिषु प्राप्य जन्मनी । रामकृष्णाविति भुवो भगवानहरद्भ‍रम् ॥ २३ ॥

ekonaviṁśe viṁśatime vṛṣṇiṣu prāpya janmanī rāma-kṛṣṇāv iti bhuvo bhagavān aharad bharam

Dalam penjelmaan kesembilan belas dan kedua puluh, Bhagavān lahir dalam keluarga Vṛṣṇi (dinasti Yadu) sebagai Balarāma dan Kṛṣṇa, lalu mengangkat beban dunia.

ekona-viṁśein the nineteenth
ekona-viṁśe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootekona (प्रातिपदिक) + viṁśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa numeral: ‘one-less-than-twenty’ = nineteenth (incarnation)
viṁśatimein the twentieth
viṁśatime:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviṁśatima (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal: ‘in the twentieth (incarnation)’
vṛṣṇiṣuamong the Vṛṣṇis
vṛṣṇiṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛṣṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
prāpyahaving attained
prāpya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-āp (प्र+आप् धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), indeclinable; ‘having obtained/reached’
janmanīin (two) births
janmanī:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन)
rāma-kṛṣṇauRāma and Kṛṣṇa
rāma-kṛṣṇau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); dvandva: ‘Rāma and Kṛṣṇa’
itithus/as
iti:
Vacanārtha/Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
bhuvaḥof the earth
bhuvaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootbhū (प्रातिपदिक; भुव्/भू)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
bhagavānthe Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
aharatremoved
aharat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothṛ (हृ धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
bharamburden
bharam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

The specific mention of the word bhagavān in this text indicates that Balarāma and Kṛṣṇa are original forms of the Lord. This will be further explained later. Lord Kṛṣṇa is not an incarnation of the puruṣa, as we learned from the beginning of this chapter. He is directly the original Personality of Godhead, and Balarāma is the first plenary manifestation of the Lord. From Baladeva the first phalanx of plenary expansions, Vāsudeva, Saṅkarṣaṇa, Aniruddha and Pradyumna, expands. Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa is Vāsudeva, and Baladeva is Saṅkarṣaṇa.

B
Bhagavān (Supreme Lord)
R
Rāma
K
Kṛṣṇa
V
Vṛṣṇis

FAQs

It states that in the nineteenth and twentieth descents the Supreme Lord appeared among the Vṛṣṇis as Rāma and Kṛṣṇa to remove the earth’s burden.

It indicates the Lord’s mission to lessen oppressive forces and restore dharma by eliminating destructive rulers and influences that weighed down the world.

By trusting that the Lord protects dharma and reduces suffering in His own way, and by aligning one’s actions with dharma through devotion, integrity, and service.