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Shloka 45

Vidura’s Return; Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Departure; Nārada’s Instruction on Kāla and Detachment

तस्माज्जह्यङ्ग वैक्लव्यमज्ञानकृतमात्मन: । कथं त्वनाथा: कृपणा वर्तेरंस्ते च मां विना ॥ ४५ ॥

tasmāj jahy aṅga vaiklavyam ajñāna-kṛtam ātmanaḥ kathaṁ tv anāthāḥ kṛpaṇā varteraṁs te ca māṁ vinā

Oleh itu, wahai Raja, tinggalkan kegelisahan yang lahir daripada kejahilan tentang diri. Jangan memikirkan, “Bagaimana mereka yang papa dan tidak berdaya akan hidup tanpa aku?”—kerana tempat berlindung mereka ialah Bhagavān.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन; ‘therefore/from that’
जहिabandon!
जहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अङ्गO dear/indeed
अङ्ग:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधनार्थक-निपात (vocative particle)
वैक्लव्यम्despondency/weakness
वैक्लव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवैक्लव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
अज्ञानकृतम्caused by ignorance
अज्ञानकृतम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्ञान-कृत (प्रातिपदिक; अज्ञान + कृत)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) used adjectivally; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: अज्ञानस्य कृतम् (caused by ignorance)
आत्मनःof yourself
आत्मनः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-निपात (but/indeed)
अनाथाःhelpless/without protector
अनाथाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; विशेषण
कृपणाःwretched/pitiable
कृपणाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण
वर्तेरन्would manage/live
वर्तेरन्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (potential/optative), तृतीयपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचन; enclitic ‘te’ = they/these (context: your people)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (and)
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
विनाwithout
विना:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/without)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formअपवर्जनार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like: without)

When we think of our kith and kin as being helpless and dependent on us, it is all due to ignorance. Every living creature is allowed all protection by the order of the Supreme Lord in terms of each one’s acquired position in the world. The Lord is known as bhūta-bhṛt, one who gives protection to all living beings. One should discharge his duties only, for no one but the Supreme Lord can give protection to anyone else. This is explained more clearly in the following verse.

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
G
Gāndhārī

FAQs

This verse identifies faint-heartedness (vaiklavyam) as a product of ignorance, implying that spiritual clarity and dharma-based resolve remove such weakness.

As he prepares to leave home for renunciation, Dhṛtarāṣṭra addresses Gāndhārī’s hesitation, arguing that their dependents cannot manage without him—revealing lingering attachment and misjudgment.

Recognize when fear and indecision arise from misconception; cultivate responsibility without possessiveness, and make value-based decisions rather than being driven by anxiety over others’ dependence.