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Shloka 3

The Forest of Material Existence: Jaḍa Bharata Instructs King Rahūgaṇa

प्रभूतवीरुत्तृणगुल्मगह्वरे कठोरदंशैर्मशकैरुपद्रुत: । क्‍वचित्तु गन्धर्वपुरं प्रपश्यति क्‍वचित्‍क्‍वचिच्चाशुरयोल्मुकग्रहम् ॥ ३ ॥

prabhūta-vīrut-tṛṇa-gulma-gahvare kaṭhora-daṁśair maśakair upadrutaḥ kvacit tu gandharva-puraṁ prapaśyati kvacit kvacic cāśu-rayolmuka-graham

Dalam hutan ini terdapat rimbunan gua-gua daripada semak, rumput dan sulur; di sana jiwa yang terikat sentiasa diganggu oleh nyamuk yang menggigit kejam (orang yang dengki). Kadang-kadang dia melihat istana khayalan bagaikan kota Gandharva, dan kadang-kadang dia keliru oleh penampakan hantu yang sekejap, seperti meteor di langit.

prabhūta-vīrut-tṛṇa-gulma-gahvarein a thicket full of creepers, grass, and shrubs
prabhūta-vīrut-tṛṇa-gulma-gahvare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhūta + vīrut + tṛṇa + gulma + gahvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), Saptamī (Loc. 7), Ekavacana (sg.); descriptive tatpuruṣa: prabhūta (abundant) + vīrut (creepers) + tṛṇa (grass) + gulma (shrubs) qualifying gahvara (thicket/cave-like hollow); locative setting
kaṭhora-daṁśaiḥby harsh bites
kaṭhora-daṁśaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṭhora + daṁśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Tṛtīyā (Instr. 3), Bahuvacana (pl.); karmadhāraya: kaṭhorāḥ daṁśāḥ (hard bites/stings)
maśakaiḥby mosquitoes
maśakaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmaśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Tṛtīyā (Instr. 3), Bahuvacana (pl.)
upadrutaḥharassed, afflicted
upadrutaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa-drut (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); kta (past passive participle): ‘afflicted/harassed’; agrees with (sārthaḥ/sārthikaḥ implied)
kvacitsometimes
kvacit:
Adhikaraṇa/Avyaya (अधिकरण/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb ‘sometimes/somewhere’
tubut, and
tu:
Sambandha/Avyaya (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction/particle (contrast/emphasis)
gandharva-purama city of Gandharvas
gandharva-puram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgandharva + pura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.); tatpuruṣa: gandharvānāṁ puram
prapaśyatisees
prapaśyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-paś (धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (Present), Parasmaipada, Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.); √paś ‘to see’ with pra-
kvacitsometimes
kvacit:
Adhikaraṇa/Avyaya (अधिकरण/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb
kvacitat times, here and there
kvacit:
Adhikaraṇa/Avyaya (अधिकरण/अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (repetition for distributive sense)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction
āśu-raya-ulmuka-grahama swiftly moving firebrand-like apparition (meteor)
āśu-raya-ulmuka-graham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootāśu + raya + ulmuka + graha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.); tatpuruṣa: āśu-raya (swift-moving) qualifying ulmuka (firebrand/meteor) + graha (seizer/planet; here ‘meteor-like apparition’); object of prapaśyati

The material household is actually a hole of fruitive activity. To earn a livelihood one engages in different industries and trades, and sometimes one performs great sacrifices to go to higher planetary systems. Apart from this, at least everyone is engaged in earning a livelihood in some profession or occupation. In these dealings, one has to meet many undesirable people, and their behavior is compared to the biting of mosquitoes. This creates very undesirable conditions. Even in the midst of these disturbances, one imagines that he is going to construct a grand house and live there permanently, although he knows that he cannot. Gold is compared to a quickly fleeting fiend, which appears like a meteor in the sky. It displays itself for a moment and is then gone. Generally karmīs are attracted to gold or money, but these are compared herein to ghosts and witches.

G
Gandharvas

FAQs

This verse portrays the conditioned soul as tormented by small miseries (like mosquito bites) and misled by mirage-like visions, showing how māyā manufactures false hopes and fears within material existence.

Śukadeva uses the image of a Gandharva city as a metaphor for a mirage—attractive, seemingly real prospects that vanish—symbolizing the deceptive promises of worldly enjoyment.

Recognize recurring patterns of anxiety and fleeting gratification as “forest illusions,” and redirect attention to steady sādhana—hearing and chanting about Kṛṣṇa—so choices are guided by dharma and devotion rather than impulse.