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Shloka 28

Kriyā-yoga, the Virāṭ-Puruṣa Mapping, and the Sun-God’s Monthly Expansions

श्रीशौनक उवाच शुको यदाह भगवान् विष्णुराताय श‍ृण्वते । सौरो गणो मासि मासि नाना वसति सप्तक: ॥ २७ ॥ तेषां नामानि कर्माणि नियुक्तानामधीश्वरै: । ब्रूहि न: श्रद्दधानानां व्यूहं सूर्यात्मनो हरे: ॥ २८ ॥

śrī-śaunaka uvāca śuko yad āha bhagavān viṣṇu-rātāya śṛṇvate sauro gaṇo māsi māsi nānā vasati saptakaḥ

Śrī Śaunaka berkata: Mohon jelaskan kepada kami apa yang Bhagavān Śukadeva katakan kepada Viṣṇurāta (Parīkṣit) yang sedang mendengar. Rombongan Sūrya-deva setiap bulan tampil berbeza-beza dalam kumpulan tujuh. Nyatakan nama dan tugas mereka yang ditugaskan oleh para penguasa; kerana mereka ialah perluasan peribadi Hari sebagai dewa presiden matahari.

teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
nāmāninames
nāmāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (object)
karmāṇifunctions/deeds
karmāṇi:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (object)
niyuktānāmof those appointed
niyuktānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootni-yuj (धातु) → niyukta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृत (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘appointed’
adhīśvaraiḥby the presiding lords
adhīśvaraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootadhīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन
brūhitell
brūhi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन
naḥto us
naḥ:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचन बहुवचन-रूप (enclitic); अत्र चतुर्थी (dative) ‘to us’
śraddadhānānāmof the faithful
śraddadhānānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootśrad-dhā (धातु) → śraddadhāna (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formशतृ/शानच्-वर्तमान कृदन्त (present participle, Ātmanepada sense); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘faithful’
vyūhamthe arrangement/grouping
vyūham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvyūha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sūryātmanaḥof him whose self is the Sun / of the Sun-souled
sūryātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सूर्यः आत्मा यस्य / सूर्यात्मा)
hareḥof Hari
hareḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

After hearing an account of the exalted conversation between Śukadeva Gosvāmī and Mahārāja Parīkṣit, Śaunaka now inquires about the sun as the expansion of the Supreme Lord. Although the sun is the king of all planets, Śrī Śaunaka is specifically interested in this effulgent globe as the expansion of Śrī Hari, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Ś
Śaunaka
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
V
Viṣṇurāta (King Parīkṣit)
H
Hari (Lord Viṣṇu)

FAQs

This verse introduces the topic by asking for the names and duties of the Sun’s sevenfold retinue that changes month by month, as described by Śukadeva to King Parīkṣit.

Because the Bhagavatam presents cosmic deities and their workings as manifestations and arrangements of Hari; Śaunaka wants the devotional understanding of the sun’s monthly system as an expression of Viṣṇu’s governance.

See nature and time (months, seasons, the sun’s power) as ordered by the Supreme, cultivating gratitude, reverence, and remembrance of Hari behind all cosmic functions.