Shloka 16

Jarāsandha’s Siege of Mathurā, Kṛṣṇa-Balarāma’s Victory, and the Founding of Dvārakā amid Kālayavana’s Threat

Devanagari script

शङ्खं दध्मौ विनिर्गत्य हरिर्दारुकसारथि: । ततोऽभूत् परसैन्यानां हृदि वित्रासवेपथु: ॥ १६ ॥

Transliteration

śaṅkhaṁ dadhmau vinirgatya harir dāruka-sārathiḥ tato ’bhūt para-sainyānāṁ hṛdi vitrāsa-vepathuḥ

Translation

Ketika keluar dari kota dengan Dāruka sebagai sais, Hari meniup sangkha-Nya. Maka hati pasukan musuh pun bergetar kerana ketakutan.

Synonyms

• शङ्खम्: conch
• शङ्खम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्ख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• दध्मौ: blew
• दध्मौ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्मा (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• विनिर्गत्य: having come out
• विनिर्गत्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि-निर्-गम् (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त (gerund), पूर्वकाल (having come out)

• हरिः: Hari (Kṛṣṇa)
• हरिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• दारुकसारथिः: whose charioteer is Dāruka / Dāruka as charioteer
• दारुकसारथिः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दारुक (प्रातिपदिक) + सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास: दारुकस्य सारथिः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; हरिः इति विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• ततः: then, thereupon
• ततः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: तदर्थक अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘thereupon/from that’)

• अभूत्: arose, occurred
• अभूत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist/अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• परसैन्यानाम्: of the enemy armies
• परसैन्यानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास: परेषां सैन्यानाम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सैन्य), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन

• हृदि: in the heart
• हृदि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वित्रासवेपथुः: a trembling from terror
• वित्रासवेपथुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वित्रास (प्रातिपदिक) + वेपथु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास: वित्रासस्य वेपथुः (tremor due to terror); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Characters & Entities

• Hari (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
• Dāruka

FAQs

What is the significance of Krishna blowing the conch (śaṅkha) in the Srimad Bhagavatam?

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa’s conch-sound functions as a divine proclamation of His presence and power, striking fear into hostile hearts while strengthening His side—showing that the Lord’s sound can transform the inner state of living beings.

Who is Dāruka in Bhagavatam Canto 10, and why is he mentioned here?

Dāruka is Kṛṣṇa’s trusted charioteer. He is mentioned to situate the scene on the battlefield—Kṛṣṇa emerges ready for action, with His chariot and attendant, as the narrative of conflict unfolds.

How can this shloka be applied in modern life when facing fear or anxiety?

The verse highlights how divine remembrance expressed through sacred sound can shift the heart from agitation. Practically, chanting the Lord’s names and hearing śāstra can steady the mind and replace fear with clarity and courage.