Arthashastra 5.2.4 — Yogavritta, Adhyaya 2, Sutra 4

Devanagari script

धान्यपशुहिरण्यादि निविशमानाय दद्यात् ॥ कZ_०५.२.०४ ॥

Transliteration

dhānyapaśuhiraṇyādi niviśamānāya dadyāt

Translation

Bagi orang yang sedang menetap (di kawasan baharu atau kurang penduduk), baginda hendaklah mengurniakan bijirin, ternakan, emas, dan bantuan seumpamanya.

Word by Word

• धान्यपशुहिरण्यादि: grain, livestock, gold, and the like
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: धान्य; पशु; हिरण्य; आदि
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, एकवचनम्, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (समासपदम्; ‘…आदि’ = ‘and the like’). समाहार-द्वन्द्वः (धान्य-पशु-हिरण्य) + ‘आदि’ (अव्यय)

• निविशमानाय: to/for the person who is settling (taking up residence)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: नि-विश्
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्तः (निविशमान-), चतुर्थी एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोजन-कर्तृ/सम्प्रदानार्थे: ‘for one who is settling/entering residence’)

• दद्यात्: should give; should grant
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (प्रदान)
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; ‘he should give/should grant’

Entities Mentioned

• settlers
• state (grant-giver)

More Details

FAQs

What tool of governance is used to encourage settlement?

Material inducements: grants of grain, livestock, and cash/gold to reduce initial risk and speed up productive establishment.

What is the administrative intent?

To expand cultivation, stabilize territories, and broaden the tax base by underwriting early-stage settlement costs.