भैषज्यव्याधिभयनिमित्तमदण्ड्याः ॥ कZ_०२.३६.२९ ॥
bhaiṣajya-vyādhi-bhaya-nimittam adaṇḍyāḥ
Mereka yang bertindak kerana rawatan perubatan, penyakit, atau ketakutan (sebagai punca) tidak boleh didenda.
Context-sensitive enforcement: penalties require culpability and practical alternatives; necessity and incapacity mitigate or remove liability.
By preventing visibly unjust punishment, the state preserves compliance and trust while still enforcing general rules.