Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 22

Bhūmi–Vana–Auṣadhi–Ādi Vargāḥ (भूमिवनौषध्यादिवर्गाः) — Lexical Groups on Earth, Settlements, Architecture, Forests, Materia Medica, and Fauna

Devanagari script

गालवःशावरो लोध्रस्तिरीटस्तिल्वमार्जनौ शेलुः श्लेष्मातकः शीत उद्दालो बहुवारकः

Transliteration

gālavaḥśāvaro lodhrastirīṭastilvamārjanau śeluḥ śleṣmātakaḥ śīta uddālo bahuvārakaḥ

Translation

Gālava, Śāvara, Lodhra, Tirīṭa, Tilva dan Mārjana; juga Śelu, Śleṣmātaka, Śīta, Uddāla dan Bahuvāraka—semuanya ialah nama yang menandai tumbuhan/pokok ubatan (seperti dalam senarai materia medica).

Word by Word

• गालवः: Gālava (tree-name)
• गालवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गालव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• शावरः: Śāvara (tree-name)
• शावरः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शावर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• लोध्रः: Lodhra tree
• लोध्रः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• तिरीटः: Tirīṭa (tree-name)
• तिरीटः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिरीट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• तिल्वः: Tilva (tree-name)
• तिल्वः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular (first of the pair)

• मार्जनौ: two Mārgana/ Mārjana (tree-name; dual)
• मार्जनौ: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; nominative dual (pair/dual listing)

• शेलुः: Śelu (tree-name)
• शेलुः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शेलु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• श्लेष्मातकः: Śleṣmātaka tree
• श्लेष्मातकः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्लेष्मातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• शीतः: cold/cooling (as a name)
• शीतः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular; विशेषण/नामरूपेण

• उद्दालः: Uddāla (tree-name)
• उद्दालः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्दाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• बहुवारकः: Bahuvāraka (many-times-bearing; a tree-name)
• बहुवारकः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बहु-वारक (प्रातिपदिक; बहु + वारक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

Speaker

Lord Agni (narrating encyclopedic Ayurvedic nomenclature to sage Vasiṣṭha)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: गालवः + शावरः → गालवःशावरः (विसर्ग-सन्धि: ः + श → ःश). लोध्रः + तिरीटः → लोध्रस्तिरीटः (विसर्ग-सन्धि: ः + त → स्). तिल्व + मार्जनौ → तिल्वमार्जनौ (समाहार/संयोग).

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Ayurveda
• Dravyaguna
• Lodhra
• Śleṣmātaka

FAQs

What technical or ritual knowledge (Vidya) is imparted in this verse?

This verse transmits Ayurvedic dravyaguṇa knowledge by listing recognized synonym-names of medicinal trees/plants, useful for correct identification in formulations.

How does this verse contribute to the 'Encyclopedic' nature of the Agni Purana?

By preserving nighaṇṭu-style vocabulary (multiple names for the same or related medicinal substances), it functions like a reference index for physicians, pharmacists, and readers of classical medical recipes.

What is the spiritual or karmic significance of this specific instruction?

Accurate knowledge of sacred and medicinal substances supports dharmic healing and proper preparation of remedies; in Purāṇic framing, sustaining health enables disciplined practice of ritual, charity, and devotion.