इति वाक्यगुणानां च वाग्दोषान्द्विनव श्रृणु । अपेतार्थमभिन्नार्थमपवृत्तं तथाधिकम्
iti vākyaguṇānāṃ ca vāgdoṣāndvinava śrṛṇu | apetārthamabhinnārthamapavṛttaṃ tathādhikam
अशा रीतीने वाक्याचे गुण सांगितले; आता वाणीचे अठरा दोष ऐक—‘अर्थहीन’, ‘अभिन्न/अस्पष्ट अर्थाचा’, ‘विषयापासून ढळलेला’, आणि ‘अधिक/अतिशय’, इत्यादी।
Satyavrata
Scene: A formal enumeration scene: the teacher counts categories on fingers or with a rosary, while a scribe records the list of eighteen speech-faults; orderly, didactic atmosphere.
Dharma is protected by guarding one’s speech—avoiding meaninglessness, confusion, digression, and excess that distort truth.
No holy place is praised here; the emphasis is on ethical communication.
No formal ritual; it begins a practical ‘discipline of speech’ by listing faults to be avoided.