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Shloka 30

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

नियमान्स्वयमादाय ये त्यजंत्यजितेन्द्रियाः । प्रव्रज्यावासिता ये च हरस्यास्यप्रभेदकाः

niyamānsvayamādāya ye tyajaṃtyajitendriyāḥ | pravrajyāvāsitā ye ca harasyāsyaprabhedakāḥ

जे स्वतः नियम स्वीकारूनही इंद्रिये न जिंकता ते सोडून देतात, आणि जे केवळ बाह्य प्रव्रज्या-वास धारण करतात—ते या हराच्या मार्गोपदेशाचे भेदक ठरतात.

niyamānobservances; rules
niyamān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Plural (बहुवचन)
svayamby themselves
svayam:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), indeclinable
ādāyahaving taken up
ādāya:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootā + dā (धातु) → ādāya (कृदन्त)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
tyajantiabandon
tyajanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
ajita-indriyāḥwhose senses are unconquered
ajita-indriyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootajita + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि: ajitāni indriyāṇi yeṣām), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
pravrajyā-vāsitāḥdwelling in (the state of) renunciation
pravrajyā-vāsitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpravrajyā + vāsita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (सप्तमी/तृतीया-भाव: pravrajyāyām vāsitāḥ / pravrajyā-vāsitāḥ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक), indeclinable
harasyaof Hara (Śiva)
harasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Roothara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन)
āsya-prabhedakāḥsplitters of (his) mouth; mouth-injurers
āsya-prabhedakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootāsya + prabhedaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: āsyasya prabhedakāḥ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Significance: Warns against pseudo-renunciation; true Śiva-mārga requires indriya-jaya and sustained niyama, removing pāśa (bondage) rather than intensifying it through hypocrisy.

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It warns that discipline without sense-control becomes unstable, and that mere external renunciation without inner mastery turns into a force that confuses and harms Shiva’s liberating path.

Linga-worship is meant to purify the mind through devotion and restraint; this verse emphasizes that Saguna Shiva’s worship bears fruit when supported by conquered senses and sincere observance, not by outward religious display.

Steady niyamas with genuine indriya-nigraha (sense-restraint) alongside Shiva-japa—especially the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namah Shivaya)—is implied as the practical safeguard against hollow asceticism.