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Shloka 40

Umā-caritra-prārthanā: Ṛṣayaḥ Sūtaṃ Pṛcchanti

Request for the Account of Umā

वैश्य उवाच । सम्यगुक्तं त्वया राजन्वचः सारार्थबृंहितम् । तथापि स्नेहपाशेन मोह्यतेऽतीव मे मनः

vaiśya uvāca | samyaguktaṃ tvayā rājanvacaḥ sārārthabṛṃhitam | tathāpi snehapāśena mohyate'tīva me manaḥ

वैश्य म्हणाला—हे राजन्, तुम्ही जे बोललात ते योग्य आहे, सारार्थाने परिपूर्ण वचन आहे. तरीही स्नेहाच्या पाशाने माझे मन फारच मोहग्रस्त होते।

vaiśyaḥthe Vaiśya
vaiśyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
samyakproperly, well
samyak:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamyak (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
uktamspoken, said
uktam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootukta (कृदन्त; √vac वच्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle)
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karta (कर्ता/agent of speaking)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
vacaḥspeech, words
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/thing spoken)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन
sāra-artha-bṛṃhitamenriched with the essence and meaning
sāra-artha-bṛṃhitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāra (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक) + bṛṃhita (कृदन्त; √bṛṃh बृंह्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त; ‘बृंहित’ = enlarged/strengthened
tathāpieven so, nevertheless
tathāpi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय) + api (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विरोधार्थक-अव्ययसमूह (concessive: ‘even so’)
sneha-pāśenaby the bond of affection
sneha-pāśena:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsneha (प्रातिपदिक) + pāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
muhyateis deluded
muhyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√muh (मुह् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
atīvaexceedingly
atīva:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatīva (अव्यय)
Formतीव्रतावाचक-अव्यय (intensifier adverb)
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
manaḥmind
manaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

Vaiśya (merchant)

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

FAQs

It highlights a key Shaiva insight: intellectual clarity alone does not free the soul (paśu) if it remains bound by pāśa—here, sneha (attachment). Liberation requires inner detachment and turning the mind toward Pati (Lord Shiva).

The verse sets the psychological ground for Saguna Shiva worship: when the mind is tied by attachment, steady devotion to Shiva—often centered on the Linga—helps purify emotions and loosen the bonds (pāśa) that obstruct direct realization.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with daily Shiva-pūjā, supported by simple disciplines of vairāgya—reducing clinging and repeatedly offering the mind’s attachments at Shiva’s feet.