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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 39

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

तच्छ्रुत्वा विषसादैव द्वितीयाप्रियशंसनात्।विषण्णवदनो भूत्वा भूयः पप्रच्छ मातरम्।।2.72.39।।

tac chrutvā viṣasādaiva dvitīyāpriyaśaṃsanāt | viṣaṇṇavadano bhūtvā bhūyaḥ papraccha mātaram || 2.72.39 ||

हे दुसरे अत्यंत अप्रिय वृत्तांत ऐकून भरत अधिकच विषादात बुडाले। विषण्ण मुख करून त्यांनी पुन्हा मातेस प्रश्न केला।

तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; श्रुत्वा इत्यस्य कर्म
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having heard’
विषसादbecame dejected
विषसाद:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + सद् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
द्वितीयाप्रियशंसनात्from the second unpleasant report
द्वितीयाप्रियशंसनात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वितीया + अप्रिय + शंसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे; समासः द्वितीयं च तत् अप्रियशंसनं (तत्पुरुष; बहुपद-समास)
विषण्णवदनःwith a downcast face
विषण्णवदनः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविषण्ण + वदन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (सः/रामः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्); समासः विषण्णं वदनं यस्य (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीह्यर्थे)
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having become’
भूयःagain
भूयः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरावृत्तिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: again)
पप्रच्छasked
पप्रच्छ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + पृच्छ् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Bharata was more distraught on hearing the words that conveyed the second unpleasant tidings. With downcast countenance, he again enquired of his mother thus:

B
Bharata
K
Kausalyā (mother, by context)

FAQs

In crisis, dharma begins with seeking truth (satya) responsibly—Bharata does not act rashly but asks again to understand fully.

Bharata, after learning distressing news, continues to inquire for clarity about what has happened.

Bharata’s conscientiousness and restraint: grief does not erase his commitment to careful understanding.