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Shloka 32

Adhyaya 78Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

पूर्वजस्य मनोस्तुल्यश्छायासंज्ञासुतोऽग्रजः ।

ततः सावर्णिकीं संज्ञामवाप तनयो रवेः ॥

pūrvajasya manostulyaś chāyāsaṃjñā-suto 'grajaḥ | tataḥ sāvarṇikīṃ saṃjñām avāpa tanayo raveḥ ||

छाया व संज्ञा यांच्यापासून जन्मलेला ज्येष्ठ पुत्र मनाने पूर्वीच्या मनूप्रमाणेच होता. म्हणून रवि (सूर्य)पुत्र त्या पुत्राला ‘सावर्णि’ ही संज्ञा प्राप्त झाली.

pūrvajasyaof the elder-born (one)
pūrvajasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrvaja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular)
manoḥof Manu
manoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootmanu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular)
tulyaḥequal (to)
tulyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottulya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); used as predicate adjective
chāyāChāyā (Shadow, a proper name)
chāyā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeNoun
Rootchāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); first member in compound
saṃjñāSaṃjñā (a proper name)
saṃjñā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); first member in compound
sutaḥson
sutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); compound: chāyā-saṃjñā-suta = 'son of Chāyā and Saṃjñā' (genitive relation implied)
agrajaḥelder brother
agrajaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootagraja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); apposition to sutaḥ
tataḥthen/thereafter
tataḥ:
Kāla/Deśa-adhikaraṇa (काल/देश-अधिकरण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (kāla/krama—temporal/sequence)
sāvarṇikīmSāvarṇikī (name/epithet)
sāvarṇikīm:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāvarṇikī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (Singular); qualifies saṃjñām
saṃjñāmdesignation/name
saṃjñām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (Singular)
avāpaobtained/received
avāpa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√āp (धातु)
FormLaṅ lakāra (Imperfect/Past, लङ्), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular); parasmaipada
tanayaḥson
tanayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottanaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); subject (re-stated)
raveḥof Ravi (the Sun)
raveḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootravi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular)
Narrative voice (Purāṇic narrator; immediate speaker not explicit in the extracted verse)
Sūrya (Ravi)
CosmologyManvantaraGenealogySolar dynasty

FAQs

Purāṇic genealogy is used to convey continuity of dharma across cosmic ages: the ‘mind like Manu’ motif emphasizes fitness for rulership and law-giving, where inner disposition (manas) is the marker of legitimacy.

Manvantara: it identifies a Manu-related figure and the naming that anchors a Manvantara cycle; also touches Vaṃśānucarita (dynastic accounts), often treated alongside the five characteristics in Purāṇic practice.

Chāyā (shadow) and Saṃjñā (conscious recognition) can be read symbolically: governance and cosmic order arise not only from ‘manifest’ sources but also from the ‘shadow’ principle—latent forces that still participate in dharma’s transmission.