Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Adhyaya 77Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।

ततस्तस्यान्तु संजज्ञे भर्तृशापेन तेन वै ।

यमश्च यमुना चेयं प्रख्याता सुमहानदी ॥

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca tatastasyāntu saṃjajñe bhartṛśāpena tena vai / yamaśca yamunā ceyaṃ prakhyātā sumahānadī

मार्कण्डेय म्हणाले—मग पतीच्या त्या शापामुळे तिच्या पोटी यम आणि ही यमुना जन्मली; ती अत्यंत महान नदी म्हणून प्रसिद्ध आहे।

mārkaṇḍeyaḥMārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
tasyāḥof her
tasyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (तद्), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
antuindeed/and then
antu:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootantu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphatic/continuative
saṃjajñewas born / arose
saṃjajñe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-jan (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
bhartṛ-śāpenaby the husband's curse
bhartṛ-śāpena:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + śāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'bhartuḥ śāpaḥ'); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tenaby that
tena:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (तद्), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vaiindeed
vai:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) for emphasis
yamaḥYama
yamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
yamunāYamunā
yamunā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyamunā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
iyamthis (she)
iyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (इदम्), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prakhyātāwell-known
prakhyātā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-khyā (धातु) + kta (क्त) / prakhyāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast participial adjective (क्तान्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with 'nadī'
su-mahā-nadīa very great river
su-mahā-nadī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (विशेषणपूर्वपद: 'su' intensifier + 'mahā' adjective + 'nadī'); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Mārkaṇḍeya narrating

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

YamaYamunāSūrya (implied)Saṃjñā (implied)
EtiologyPower of śāpa (curse)Sacred river traditionCosmic administration (Yama)

FAQs

Speech-acts (especially śāpa) are treated as reality-shaping forces. The narrative also elevates Yamunā’s sanctity by rooting her in divine genealogy and cosmic causality.

Vaṃśānucarita (lineage outcomes) with incidental tīrtha-māhātmya grounding (establishing the greatness of a river).

Yama and Yamunā emerge as complementary principles: restraint/judgment (Yama) and flow/purification (river). Together they represent boundary and passage—two faces of cosmic order.