Shloka 76

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

त्रिभिः पूर्वगुणैर्युक्तं पाशुपाल्य-वणिज्ययोः ।

कृषेश्चावाप्तवृत्तिञ्च त्यज वैश्यामकल्मषम् ॥

Transliteration

tribhiḥ pūrva-guṇair yuktaṃ pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ | kṛṣeś cāvāpta-vṛttiṃ ca tyaja vaiśyam akalmaṣam ||

Translation

जो वैश्य पूर्वोक्त तीन गुणांनी युक्त, गोपालन, व्यापार व कृषीने उपजीविका करणारा, आणि निष्पाप असतो—अशा वैश्यासही सर्वथा टाळावे।

Word by Word

• tribhiḥ: with three
• tribhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; numeral adjective

• pūrva-guṇaiḥ: with the former qualities
• pūrva-guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; कर्मधारय-समासः — ‘पूर्वाः गुणाः’ (former/earlier qualities)

• yuktam: endowed (with)
• yuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (कृदन्त; √yuj)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; PPP used adjectivally ‘endowed/connected’

• pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ: of herding and trade
• pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāśupālya (प्रातिपदिक) + vaṇijyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन); द्वन्द्व-समासः — ‘पाशुपाल्यस्य च वणिज्यायाश्च’

• kṛṣeḥ: of agriculture
• kṛṣeḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• avāpta-vṛttim: one who has obtained a livelihood
• avāpta-vṛttim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: avāpta (कृदन्त; ava-√āp) + vṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः — ‘अवाप्ता वृतिः यस्य’ (one who has obtained a livelihood)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• tyaja: abandon/avoid
• tyaja: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (Imperative), Parasmaipada, Madhyama-puruṣa, Singular

• vaiśyam: a Vaishya
• vaiśyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• a-kalmaṣam: free from impurity/sin
• a-kalmaṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (नञ्-प्रत्यय) + kalmaṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; नञ्-समास/नञ्-योगः — ‘कल्मषरहित’ (stainless/sinless)

Speakers

• Dharma-instructor addressing a Yakṣa (didactic counsel within the Purāṇic dialogue frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Varṇāśrama duties
• Economic ethics
• Purity (akalmaṣa)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sustaining society through clean livelihood—farming, trade, and cattle-rearing—when joined to virtues, becomes dharmically protected; such a person is to be avoided by the Yakṣa.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma and social order instruction; not a creation/manvantara/genealogy passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

Akalmaṣa livelihood implies reduced karmic 'leakage'; the household’s prosperity is framed as protected when rooted in dharma.