Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 51

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

यदा रथं॑ हेममणिप्रकाशं श्वेताश्वयुक्ते वानरकेतुमुग्रम्‌ । द्रष्टा ममाप्यास्थितं केशवेन तदा तप्स्यत्यकृतात्मा स मन्द:,“जब सुवर्ण और मणियोंसे प्रकाशित होनेवाले मेरे भयंकर रथको जिसमें चार श्वेत अश्व जुते होंगे, जिसपर वानरध्वजा फहरा रही होगी तथा साक्षात्‌ भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण जिसपर बैठकर सारथिका कार्य सँभालते होंगे, अकृतात्मा मन्दबुद्धि दुर्योधन देखेगा, तब मन ही-मन संतप्त हो उठेगा

sañjaya uvāca | yadā rathaṁ hemamaṇiprakāśaṁ śvetāśvayukte vānaraketumugram | draṣṭā mamāpyāsthitaṁ keśavena tadā tapsyatyakṛtātmā sa mandaḥ ||

संजय म्हणाला—जेव्हा सुवर्ण व मण्यांच्या तेजाने झळकणारा, चार शुभ्र अश्वांनी युक्त, वानरध्वजाधारी माझा तो उग्र रथ—ज्यावर केशव स्वतः सारथी म्हणून अधिष्ठित असतील—अकृतात्मा मंदबुद्धी दुर्योधन पाहील, तेव्हा तो अंतःकरणातच संतप्त होईल।

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हेममणिप्रकाशम्shining with gold and gems
हेममणिप्रकाशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहेममणिप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्वेताश्वयुक्तेyoked with white horses
श्वेताश्वयुक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootश्वेताश्वयुक्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वानरकेतुम्having the monkey-banner (Hanumat as emblem)
वानरकेतुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवानरकेतु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उग्रम्fierce, formidable
उग्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रष्टाwill see
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormFuture (periphrastic), Third, Singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आस्थितम्mounted/occupied
आस्थितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
केशवेनby Keshava (Krishna)
केशवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तप्स्यतिwill be tormented / will burn (with grief)
तप्स्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormFuture, Third, Singular
अकृतात्माone of uncontrolled/undisciplined self
अकृतात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकृतात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्दःdull-witted, foolish
मन्दः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
D
Duryodhana
C
chariot
W
white horses
M
monkey-banner (Hanūmat emblem)

Educational Q&A

Lack of self-discipline (akṛtātmā) and pride make a person suffer when confronted with righteous strength and divine support; inner torment arises not from the opponent’s glory alone but from one’s own ethical failure and hardened ego.

Sañjaya foretells Duryodhana’s reaction: when he sees the splendid, fearsome chariot—yoked with white horses, bearing the monkey-emblem, and guided by Kṛṣṇa as charioteer—he will be inwardly scorched with distress and regret.