Shloka 6

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Pāṇḍava-Alliance Warriors (Śikhaṇḍin, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, and Allied Kings)

Devanagari script

एते चमूमुपगता: स्मरन्त: क्लेशमुत्तमम्‌

Transliteration

ete camūm upagatāḥ smarantaḥ kleśam uttamam

Translation

भीष्म म्हणाले—परम क्लेशाचे स्मरण करीत हे सर्व योद्धे सैन्याजवळ येऊन पोहोचले आहेत.

Word by Word

• एते: these (men)
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• चमूम्: army, host
• चमूम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमू
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उपगताः: having approached / having reached
• उपगताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपगम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• स्मरन्तः: remembering
• स्मरन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)

• क्लेशम्: distress, hardship
• क्लेशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्लेश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: great, extreme
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• camū (army)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how, on the brink of conflict, people act while burdened by memory—especially the recollection of severe suffering—suggesting that ethical choices in war are shaped not only by duty but also by remembered pain.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma observes that certain persons have approached the assembled army, and he notes their inner state: they are coming while recalling an intense hardship, implying a tense, emotionally charged moment in the war preparations.