Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 22

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

प्रत्ययुध्यंस्तु ते सर्वे भीमसेनं सपार्षतम्‌

Transliteration

pratyayudhyāṁs tu te sarve bhīmasenaṁ sapārṣadam

Translation

मग ते सर्वजण एकत्र होऊन भीमसेन व त्याच्या सहकाऱ्यांशी प्रत्युत्तर देत युद्ध करू लागले।

Word by Word

• प्रत्ययुध्यन्: fighting back / counter-attacking
• प्रत्ययुध्यन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति + युध्
• Form: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena (Bhima)
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• स: with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स

• पार्षतम्: the son of Prishata (Dhrishtadyumna) / the Pārṣata
• पार्षतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षत
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• pārṣadas (companions/attendants)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the battlefield ethic of reciprocal engagement: when a formidable warrior advances, opponents respond collectively, reflecting the kṣatriya code of meeting force with disciplined resistance rather than retreat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the opposing fighters, acting together, counterattack Bhīma and those accompanying him, indicating a coordinated effort to check his momentum in the ongoing battle.